湖广会馆在咱北京挺出名的，但是它不是现在湖南湖北的驻京联络处，而是清朝时候的湖南湖北驻京联络处，是湖北湖南的同乡进京赶考吃饭住宿的一个地方，最有名的就是这口子午井了。这里以私家菜为主，都是湖南湖北菜发展而来的密致菜品，值得推荐的是这道菜，酸汤鱼锅，这家的酸汤鱼锅可和别家不一样，酸汤鱼可是贵州菜，而这里的做法融合了湖北菜的做法，用蟹黄油作，也不油腻，下面还有暗火保温，吃下来从头到尾整个一酣畅淋漓。有一道菜叫汗蒸炉鸭，也是当年曾国藩 60大寿的时候所做的菜品，更让人意想不到的是，这道菜价格非常便宜。您要是2个人来就餐，点这么一道汗蒸炉鸭16块钱，再加上3块钱一碗的佩面，不到 20块钱就可以吃饱吃好了，更意外的是，您吃晚饭之后阿，还可以去看戏呢。
湖广菜：63518284
湖广会馆：清朝时湖南湖北同乡赴京赶考时的驻京办事处
天津驻北京办事处就在和平街西里，要说这陈傻子到底是谁啊？这家餐厅的经理就认识者陈傻子。听说陈傻子老太爷的包子可是远近闻名，那么这位阿姨肯定是传人了，可是这陈傻子和狗不理又到底是什么关系呢？原来陈傻子也是狗不理包子的一种，据说着陈傻子包子在清朝可是相当的有名呢。咱们先来尝尝这包子味道怎么样吧，瞧，这发面包里也有汤呢，馅就跟不用说。那是相当的好吃，来这里的客人都是冲着这包子来得。要是咱们都知道这包子是怎么包的这么好吃那多好啊，偏偏这位阿姨还真是不吝赐教，人家说了，这包子就在这和面的功夫上了。还有更为重要的，关键肉馅也要做到三分三个肥七分瘦，还有包包子的时候可得折除18个褶才好看。在蒸包子的时候，6分钟就可以出锅了，这里的包子有50多种馅，最贵的就是鲍鱼馅的：30块钱一个。
天津菜：84250324
伊斯兰餐厅就在三里河新疆饭店院里，还真不太好找，这里的新疆菜可是最地道的，难怪，这一到饭店就得排号就餐，来这里的客人，大多数都是冲着这原汁原味来的。新疆大盘鸡的火辣是远近闻名的，据厨师长介绍，大盘鸡是会聚了5个省的人们的饮食习惯，鸡块代表新疆人的豪爽，辣椒代表四川人的麻辣，再加上甘肃人喜欢吃的土豆，还加入了山西人扯面像腰带的皮带面，另外还有河南人喜欢把菜做成一大锅的大杂烩。因此，特别受到各地食客的欢迎。
云南的各个地方都能拿出自己的特色，咱们这回去的是昆明驻北京联络处的一品滇餐厅，就在宣武门附近，这里的菜品都是原材料从本土搬过来的东西，味道也是非常的地道，云南菜中最大的特点就是各种菌类制作的美食。最具代表云南特色的小吃过桥米线，传说中这是一位贤惠的妻子为了给丈夫送饭而作的，每天送饭必定要过一座桥，所以，流传下来这个美丽的传说就叫做过桥米线。吃法也很地道，汤的温度必须是120度左右才能下肉片，再加入米线，味道很正宗。这里也吸引了很多喜欢云南的朋友来此就餐。
云南菜：83165699 宣武门外大街香炉营头条33号昆明大厦
sogo后边
Monday, December 31, 2007
千万当心：八种食物让你越吃越老
1.含铅食品
铅会使脑内去钾肾上腺素、多巴胺和5一羟色胺的含量明显降低，
造成神经质传导阻滞，引起记忆力衰退、痴呆症、智力发育障碍等症。人体摄铅过多，还会直接破坏神经细胞内遗传物质脱氧核糖核酸的功能，不仅易使人患痴呆症，而且还会使人脸色灰暗过早衰老。
2.腌制食品
在腌制鱼、肉、菜等食物时，容易使加入的食盐转化成亚硝酸盐，它在体内酶的催化作用下，易与体内的各类物质作用生成亚胺类的致癌物质，人吃多了易患癌症，并促使人体早衰。
3.霉变食物
粮食、油类、花生、豆类、肉类、鱼类等发生霉变时，
会产生大量的病菌和黄曲霉素。这些发霉物一旦被人食用后，轻则发生腹泻、呕吐、头昏、眼花、烦躁、肠炎、听力下降和全身无力等症状，重则可致癌致畸，并促使人早衰。
4.水垢
茶具或水具用久以后会产生水垢，如不及时清除干净，经常饮用会引起消化、神经、泌尿、造血、循环等系统的病变而引起衰老，这是由于水垢中含有较多的有害金属元素如镉、汞、砷、铝等造成的。科学家曾对使用过98天的热水瓶中的水垢进行过化学分析，发现有害金属元素较多：镉为0.034毫克、汞为0.44毫克、砷为0.21毫克、铝为0.012毫克。这些有害金属元素对人体危害极大。
5.过氧脂质
过氧脂质是一种不饱和脂肪酸的过氧化物。例如炸过鱼、虾、肉等的食用油，放置久后即会生成过氧脂质；长期晒在阳光下的鱼干、腌肉等；长期存放的饼干、糕点、油茶面、油脂等，特别是容易产生哈喇味的油脂，油脂酸败后会产生过氧脂质。研究人员发现，过氧脂质进入人体后，会对人体内的酸系统以及维生素等产生极大破坏作用，并加速促人衰老。
6.高温油烟
国外研究机构经比较分析后指出，中国人喜欢用高温食用油来烹调菜肴，灶台温度比西方家庭的灶台温度高出约50%。通常食用油在高温的催化下，会释放出含有丁二烯成分的烟雾，而长期大量吸入这种物质不仅会改变人的遗传免疫功能，而且易患肺癌。研究报告表明，菜籽油比花生油的致癌危险性更大，因在高温下的菜籽油比花生油释放的丁二烯成分要高出22倍。为避免这种危害，制作菜肴时食油加热最好不要超过油的沸点，以热油为宜，这样可避免引起烟熏火燎损害健康和促使面部生成皱纹。
7.烟雾
当炉火、煤烟、香烟、灰尘中的有害气体， 经呼吸道吸入肺部，渗透到血液中后，就会给人带来极大的危害。尤其是吸烟者，将烟吸入肺部，尼古丁、焦油及一氧化碳等为胆固醇的沉积提供了条件，会造成动脉硬化，促人衰老。
8.酒精饮料
生活中大量或经常饮酒，会使肝脏发生酒精中毒而致使发炎肿大，导致男性精子畸形，性功能衰退、阳痿等；女子则会出现月经不调，停止排卵，性欲减退甚至性冷淡等早衰现象。
铅会使脑内去钾肾上腺素、多巴胺和5一羟色胺的含量明显降低，
造成神经质传导阻滞，引起记忆力衰退、痴呆症、智力发育障碍等症。人体摄铅过多，还会直接破坏神经细胞内遗传物质脱氧核糖核酸的功能，不仅易使人患痴呆症，而且还会使人脸色灰暗过早衰老。
2.腌制食品
在腌制鱼、肉、菜等食物时，容易使加入的食盐转化成亚硝酸盐，它在体内酶的催化作用下，易与体内的各类物质作用生成亚胺类的致癌物质，人吃多了易患癌症，并促使人体早衰。
3.霉变食物
粮食、油类、花生、豆类、肉类、鱼类等发生霉变时，
会产生大量的病菌和黄曲霉素。这些发霉物一旦被人食用后，轻则发生腹泻、呕吐、头昏、眼花、烦躁、肠炎、听力下降和全身无力等症状，重则可致癌致畸，并促使人早衰。
4.水垢
茶具或水具用久以后会产生水垢，如不及时清除干净，经常饮用会引起消化、神经、泌尿、造血、循环等系统的病变而引起衰老，这是由于水垢中含有较多的有害金属元素如镉、汞、砷、铝等造成的。科学家曾对使用过98天的热水瓶中的水垢进行过化学分析，发现有害金属元素较多：镉为0.034毫克、汞为0.44毫克、砷为0.21毫克、铝为0.012毫克。这些有害金属元素对人体危害极大。
5.过氧脂质
过氧脂质是一种不饱和脂肪酸的过氧化物。例如炸过鱼、虾、肉等的食用油，放置久后即会生成过氧脂质；长期晒在阳光下的鱼干、腌肉等；长期存放的饼干、糕点、油茶面、油脂等，特别是容易产生哈喇味的油脂，油脂酸败后会产生过氧脂质。研究人员发现，过氧脂质进入人体后，会对人体内的酸系统以及维生素等产生极大破坏作用，并加速促人衰老。
6.高温油烟
国外研究机构经比较分析后指出，中国人喜欢用高温食用油来烹调菜肴，灶台温度比西方家庭的灶台温度高出约50%。通常食用油在高温的催化下，会释放出含有丁二烯成分的烟雾，而长期大量吸入这种物质不仅会改变人的遗传免疫功能，而且易患肺癌。研究报告表明，菜籽油比花生油的致癌危险性更大，因在高温下的菜籽油比花生油释放的丁二烯成分要高出22倍。为避免这种危害，制作菜肴时食油加热最好不要超过油的沸点，以热油为宜，这样可避免引起烟熏火燎损害健康和促使面部生成皱纹。
7.烟雾
当炉火、煤烟、香烟、灰尘中的有害气体， 经呼吸道吸入肺部，渗透到血液中后，就会给人带来极大的危害。尤其是吸烟者，将烟吸入肺部，尼古丁、焦油及一氧化碳等为胆固醇的沉积提供了条件，会造成动脉硬化，促人衰老。
8.酒精饮料
生活中大量或经常饮酒，会使肝脏发生酒精中毒而致使发炎肿大，导致男性精子畸形，性功能衰退、阳痿等；女子则会出现月经不调，停止排卵，性欲减退甚至性冷淡等早衰现象。
产后大出血以后怎么做月子
-一切都等到止血后再补.伤口没好不要吃发物
-阿胶是活血的,不行
-不能大补,紫米粥,猪肝等可吃.
-Da Zao, Shan Yao (huai shan) and Peanut Hong Yi
-活血的东西过量就破血，千万小心。开始的时候虚不受补
我也是连生两个还都是破腹产，每次失血都是700cc以上。我有个叔叔是个满有名的中医，他说关键就是， 中药一定要中医来开，不能自己放。因为剂量不合适的话要落毛病的。比如说所有活血的东西，如果过量就是破血的，千万小心。所以我叔叔跟我视频“望闻问”了一番，仍然不敢下方子，后来求了他在美国的中医朋友。
据说开始的时候是虚不受补的状态，所以叶脉姐姐说的绝对是对的，一切等止血了，而且是恶露净了才能慢慢开始补。这之前就清淡的，温热的，汤汤水水的就好。盐不能过多，但是不能没有盐，因为大出血以后血压低，需要盐来平衡的。
-阿胶是活血的,不行
-不能大补,紫米粥,猪肝等可吃.
-Da Zao, Shan Yao (huai shan) and Peanut Hong Yi
-活血的东西过量就破血，千万小心。开始的时候虚不受补
我也是连生两个还都是破腹产，每次失血都是700cc以上。我有个叔叔是个满有名的中医，他说关键就是， 中药一定要中医来开，不能自己放。因为剂量不合适的话要落毛病的。比如说所有活血的东西，如果过量就是破血的，千万小心。所以我叔叔跟我视频“望闻问”了一番，仍然不敢下方子，后来求了他在美国的中医朋友。
据说开始的时候是虚不受补的状态，所以叶脉姐姐说的绝对是对的，一切等止血了，而且是恶露净了才能慢慢开始补。这之前就清淡的，温热的，汤汤水水的就好。盐不能过多，但是不能没有盐，因为大出血以后血压低，需要盐来平衡的。
自腌咸鸡蛋
做法：
容器洗净凉干。
鸡蛋温水洗净凉干。
花椒，八角，丁香，桂皮小火炒香，待凉到碎，混入食盐里。
用一个碗装碗高度白酒，另外一个碗装混好香料的盐。
把鸡蛋在白酒碗里浸没，取出在盐碗里滚上盐，摆入容器
密封好，腌35天左右煮熟即可。
容器洗净凉干。
鸡蛋温水洗净凉干。
花椒，八角，丁香，桂皮小火炒香，待凉到碎，混入食盐里。
用一个碗装碗高度白酒，另外一个碗装混好香料的盐。
把鸡蛋在白酒碗里浸没，取出在盐碗里滚上盐，摆入容器
密封好，腌35天左右煮熟即可。
软炸里脊(ZT)
猪后腿肉很难吃，也就是做焦溜，软炸还是比较简单的。
主料：猪后腿肉
辅料：葱姜丝，鸡蛋清（3个）料酒，酱油，盐，白糖，淀粉，花椒，料酒，油。
先将借从姜丝用开水烫泡，放入主料浸泡解冻（处冰箱味），之后将解冻后的猪肉切成长条，加白糖，料酒，盐，酱油腌制约20分钟。
花椒放在手勺内，用火烧糊，压成花椒粉。
三个鸡蛋只取蛋青（蛋黄做溜黄菜用），将鸡蛋青朝着一个方向抽打，直至泡沫状，并且
可以立得住筷子，再加淀粉抽打均匀。
做油锅，油温至四成热，将肉条沾泡沫糊逐条下入油锅，成型后捞出。在将油加温至七成
热复炸，呈褐色取出，装盘，另取小碟，装入盐与花椒粉，做蘸料。
下酒菜。
现在很少能吃到正宗的软炸立即了，主要是餐馆是用面粉加炮打粉代替蛋泡糊，这样比较
简单，但发哮粉的味道太难吃。
Friday, December 28, 2007
Skin Deep
These eight skin-care resolutions for 2008 are simple and inexpensive. Research in medical journals supports some of them. Others are based on the experience of skin doctors.
DISCARD OLD, USED BEAUTY PRODUCTS
-discarding products one year after opening them.
-replacing mascara three months after opening it,
European regulations require products whose minimum durability is less than 30 months to display an icon — a graphic of a jar with an open lid — indicating a product’s shelf life after it has been opened. Some brands sold in the United States now display this icon.
STOP SMOKING
UNHAND THOSE PIMPLES!
“People think they are squeezing something bad out, but they could actually be pushing bacteria deeper into their skin, creating an infection,” said Dr. Bradford R. Katchen, a dermatologist in Manhattan. Subsequent inflammation could cause pigmentary changes, or worse. “It could scar your face,” Dr. Katchen said. The same goes for your zit-popping beautician.
MORE SLEEP, LESS STRESS
Psychological stress may impair the skin’s barrier function, which keeps bacteria out and water in.
“Studies have shown that the skin of people under chronic stress — caregivers of Alzheimer’s patients or medical students during exam time — will heal more slowly,”
In humans, stress can contribute to flare-ups of alopecia areata, a form of hair loss, and skin diseases like psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, a form of eczema, Dr. Mostaghimi said.
WEAR SUNSCREEN
Look for sunscreens that contain zinc oxide, titanium dioxide or Mexoryl SX, ingredients that work against both the sun’s longer- and shorter-length rays.
SIMPLIFY YOUR BEAUTY
Some dermatologists advise their patients to restrict skin-care regimens to no more than three or four products daily.
“People use too many acidic things at once — vitamin A, lactic acid, ascorbic acid, salicylic acid — and then they wonder why their faces are inflamed,” Dr. Katchen said. “I am against poly-pharmacy at home because you can over-treat yourself, leading to irritation.”
Dr. Katchen’s prescription: a mild cleanser; a sunscreen or moisturizer containing sunscreen; a product that contains antioxidants like vitamin C, vitamin E, pomegranate, soy and green tea; and an antiwrinkle product containing ingredients like retinoids, a form of vitamin A, or protein fragments called peptides.
WASH YOUR FACE
Doctors say that skin picks up environmental debris during the day. Washing off minute dirt particles, along with makeup, every evening gives the skin a rest from exposure to possible irritants.
“As a general hygiene principle, it’s good to wash your face at night,” Dr. Sundaram said. “But if you apply a greasy night cream after that, it is just going to clog your pores.”
Those about to undergo a magnetic resonance imaging test should also remember to remove makeup; imaging devices can mistake metal particles, used in some mascaras, for ocular diseases, according to reports in medical journals.
RETHINK PRODUCTS THAT COST MORE THAN $30
The Food and Drug Administration, which regulates cosmetics, does not require beauty manufacturers to publish rigorous studies on the efficacy of their products. So consumers do not have a proven, objective method by which to determine whether more-expensive beauty products work better — or whether they simply look fancier and emit more exotic perfume — than less-expensive items containing similar ingredients.
“Your chances of achieving good skin are not directly proportional to the amount of money you spend,” Dr. Sundaram said. “All too often, what you are paying for is the packaging, the advertising and the celebrity endorsements.”
DISCARD OLD, USED BEAUTY PRODUCTS
-discarding products one year after opening them.
-replacing mascara three months after opening it,
European regulations require products whose minimum durability is less than 30 months to display an icon — a graphic of a jar with an open lid — indicating a product’s shelf life after it has been opened. Some brands sold in the United States now display this icon.
STOP SMOKING
UNHAND THOSE PIMPLES!
“People think they are squeezing something bad out, but they could actually be pushing bacteria deeper into their skin, creating an infection,” said Dr. Bradford R. Katchen, a dermatologist in Manhattan. Subsequent inflammation could cause pigmentary changes, or worse. “It could scar your face,” Dr. Katchen said. The same goes for your zit-popping beautician.
MORE SLEEP, LESS STRESS
Psychological stress may impair the skin’s barrier function, which keeps bacteria out and water in.
“Studies have shown that the skin of people under chronic stress — caregivers of Alzheimer’s patients or medical students during exam time — will heal more slowly,”
In humans, stress can contribute to flare-ups of alopecia areata, a form of hair loss, and skin diseases like psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, a form of eczema, Dr. Mostaghimi said.
WEAR SUNSCREEN
Look for sunscreens that contain zinc oxide, titanium dioxide or Mexoryl SX, ingredients that work against both the sun’s longer- and shorter-length rays.
SIMPLIFY YOUR BEAUTY
Some dermatologists advise their patients to restrict skin-care regimens to no more than three or four products daily.
“People use too many acidic things at once — vitamin A, lactic acid, ascorbic acid, salicylic acid — and then they wonder why their faces are inflamed,” Dr. Katchen said. “I am against poly-pharmacy at home because you can over-treat yourself, leading to irritation.”
Dr. Katchen’s prescription: a mild cleanser; a sunscreen or moisturizer containing sunscreen; a product that contains antioxidants like vitamin C, vitamin E, pomegranate, soy and green tea; and an antiwrinkle product containing ingredients like retinoids, a form of vitamin A, or protein fragments called peptides.
WASH YOUR FACE
Doctors say that skin picks up environmental debris during the day. Washing off minute dirt particles, along with makeup, every evening gives the skin a rest from exposure to possible irritants.
“As a general hygiene principle, it’s good to wash your face at night,” Dr. Sundaram said. “But if you apply a greasy night cream after that, it is just going to clog your pores.”
Those about to undergo a magnetic resonance imaging test should also remember to remove makeup; imaging devices can mistake metal particles, used in some mascaras, for ocular diseases, according to reports in medical journals.
RETHINK PRODUCTS THAT COST MORE THAN $30
The Food and Drug Administration, which regulates cosmetics, does not require beauty manufacturers to publish rigorous studies on the efficacy of their products. So consumers do not have a proven, objective method by which to determine whether more-expensive beauty products work better — or whether they simply look fancier and emit more exotic perfume — than less-expensive items containing similar ingredients.
“Your chances of achieving good skin are not directly proportional to the amount of money you spend,” Dr. Sundaram said. “All too often, what you are paying for is the packaging, the advertising and the celebrity endorsements.”
锅--wish list
#1:炒锅
http://www1.macys.com/catalog/product/index.ognc?ID=255553&CategoryID=7641
Cuisinart Chef's Classic Stainless 14" Covered Stir-Fry
Reg. $49.99
Sale $39.99
A quick, healthy and flavorful meal the whole family can enjoy, stir fry is simple when you use the proper pan. Shining brilliantly in mirror-finish stainless steel, this sleek pan features gently sloping sides to keep meat, vegetables and sauce contained as you cook. Lifetime warranty.
#2:电饭锅
Oster
#3 烙韭菜盒子用
#4 物理性不粘
牌子：Kinox（健乐仕）网上有介绍，连接在这里www.kinox.com-->cookware-->kosmo woks，去年在国内买的，约70多刀。
这个锅的好处是：
1，物理性不粘，无涂层，用钢铲炒、钢丝球刷全没问题（根本没必要用这个），因为只要用无痕棉转几圈就干干净净了，抹干即可。
http://www1.macys.com/catalog/product/index.ognc?ID=255553&CategoryID=7641
Cuisinart Chef's Classic Stainless 14" Covered Stir-Fry
Reg. $49.99
Sale $39.99
A quick, healthy and flavorful meal the whole family can enjoy, stir fry is simple when you use the proper pan. Shining brilliantly in mirror-finish stainless steel, this sleek pan features gently sloping sides to keep meat, vegetables and sauce contained as you cook. Lifetime warranty.
#2:电饭锅
Oster
#3 烙韭菜盒子用
#4 物理性不粘
牌子：Kinox（健乐仕）网上有介绍，连接在这里www.kinox.com-->cookware-->kosmo woks，去年在国内买的，约70多刀。
这个锅的好处是：
1，物理性不粘，无涂层，用钢铲炒、钢丝球刷全没问题（根本没必要用这个），因为只要用无痕棉转几圈就干干净净了，抹干即可。
Thursday, December 27, 2007
发现：口干上火六原因
最近医院的“上火”病人直线上升，主要表现为喉咙肿痛、牙龈肿痛、口腔溃疡、口舌生疮等。杭州市口腔医院牙周科医生费晓露告诉记者，夏天容易口干，唾液分泌的减少也会使得病菌更容易滋生，如果口腔内本身有炎症的话，这时候就很容易发作，而且一到夏天，很多人睡眠不好，也会使得肌体抵抗力下降。
点击查看更多健康精彩发现〉〉〉
点击进入保健中心健康宝典〉〉〉
杭州市红十字会医院张融碧说，中医认为夏季是一年中阳气最旺的季节，人们容易出现“上火”症状。“上火”可分为实火和虚火两种，张医师建议，夏季“上火”是难免的，可以吃一些清凉败火的食物，多喝水，多吃瓜果，必要时可以服用降火药。
记者昨天在各大医院采访时发现，引起“上火”的原因有很多，除了气候因素外，主要有六大原因，医生教你如何避免。
原因一疲劳旅游
俞女士的儿子高考完毕后，为了让儿子放松一下，一家人去北京旅游了一趟，由于生活不规律，行程安排过满，睡眠和饮食质量下降，回家后儿子就出现了心绪不宁、食欲不振等症状，一家人嘴角都起了疱疹。很多学生会趁暑假期间外出旅游，医生提醒出门旅游要注意劳逸结合。
原因二高温作业
宋师傅是河南人，来杭州打工已三年了。在建筑工地上干活，最近，天天头顶烈日，出汗较多，体内水分丢失严重。昨天口里长了一嘴疮，连饭都吃不下。医生提醒，高温作业者一定要注意膳食调节，多喝水。
原因三熬夜打电游
金先生酷爱打电脑游戏，经常连续几天熬夜“作战”。最近，两眼红得和兔子眼睛一样，还经常流鼻血。医生提醒，熬夜会导致肝火上升，容易出现上火症状。
原因四情绪波动
许先生从去年开始炒股，最近股票走势不稳，许先生睡不好、吃不下，心烦易怒、神经紧张。医生提醒，中医有“七情化火”之说，意思是忧郁、愤怒、思虑过度都会使身体机能失去平衡状态而生“火气”。
原因五健身过度
张小姐听说夏季人体消耗量大，是减肥的好季节。于是，她最近每天都花两个小时健身，原本以为可以精神一点，但最近却一直感到乏力、喉咙肿痛、并伴有低烧。医生提醒，夏季体力消耗太大也会引起上火。
原因六爱吃麻辣
夏季食欲不振，嘴巴没味道，李小姐喜欢吃川菜解馋。第二天，不仅嘴唇上起了疱疹而且脸上也起了疱疹。医生提醒，辛辣刺激的饮食，会给肠胃增加负担，过量进食又会造成消化不良，食物积聚在消化道内，也会导致“热气”。
点击查看更多健康精彩发现〉〉〉
点击进入保健中心健康宝典〉〉〉
杭州市红十字会医院张融碧说，中医认为夏季是一年中阳气最旺的季节，人们容易出现“上火”症状。“上火”可分为实火和虚火两种，张医师建议，夏季“上火”是难免的，可以吃一些清凉败火的食物，多喝水，多吃瓜果，必要时可以服用降火药。
记者昨天在各大医院采访时发现，引起“上火”的原因有很多，除了气候因素外，主要有六大原因，医生教你如何避免。
原因一疲劳旅游
俞女士的儿子高考完毕后，为了让儿子放松一下，一家人去北京旅游了一趟，由于生活不规律，行程安排过满，睡眠和饮食质量下降，回家后儿子就出现了心绪不宁、食欲不振等症状，一家人嘴角都起了疱疹。很多学生会趁暑假期间外出旅游，医生提醒出门旅游要注意劳逸结合。
原因二高温作业
宋师傅是河南人，来杭州打工已三年了。在建筑工地上干活，最近，天天头顶烈日，出汗较多，体内水分丢失严重。昨天口里长了一嘴疮，连饭都吃不下。医生提醒，高温作业者一定要注意膳食调节，多喝水。
原因三熬夜打电游
金先生酷爱打电脑游戏，经常连续几天熬夜“作战”。最近，两眼红得和兔子眼睛一样，还经常流鼻血。医生提醒，熬夜会导致肝火上升，容易出现上火症状。
原因四情绪波动
许先生从去年开始炒股，最近股票走势不稳，许先生睡不好、吃不下，心烦易怒、神经紧张。医生提醒，中医有“七情化火”之说，意思是忧郁、愤怒、思虑过度都会使身体机能失去平衡状态而生“火气”。
原因五健身过度
张小姐听说夏季人体消耗量大，是减肥的好季节。于是，她最近每天都花两个小时健身，原本以为可以精神一点，但最近却一直感到乏力、喉咙肿痛、并伴有低烧。医生提醒，夏季体力消耗太大也会引起上火。
原因六爱吃麻辣
夏季食欲不振，嘴巴没味道，李小姐喜欢吃川菜解馋。第二天，不仅嘴唇上起了疱疹而且脸上也起了疱疹。医生提醒，辛辣刺激的饮食，会给肠胃增加负担，过量进食又会造成消化不良，食物积聚在消化道内，也会导致“热气”。
人为什么会上火
上火对我来说可以说是家常便饭，三天两头的上上火，无论我吃任何的败火的药一点用途都没有，只是光往厕所跑的事情了- -!所以我现在根本都不吃药，都是硬挺的。虽说常上火，对我来说一般都是口腔溃疡的症状。但还是不能完全忽视掉那种痛感。太痛苦，太受折磨了...
上火是中医的理论，西医一直没有明确支持。中国人一般都是这么叫的。人体里本身是有火的，如果没有火那么生命也就停止了，也就是所谓的生命之火。当然火也应该保持在一定的范围内，比如体温应该在37度左右，如果火过亢人就会不舒服，会出现很多红、肿、热、痛、烦等具体表现。上火的症状有哪些？吃什么东西可以败火？
网上对上火有很多种分类，一般分实虚两种（只是个人观点，不对实际的对与否做解释）。对于口腔溃疡的症状属于实火旺，表现为口腔溃疡、口干、尿黄、心烦易怒等；除了实火旺还有虚火，主要表现有心烦、口干、盗汗、睡眠不安等。按病位分有出来三种：
* 上焦有火（上焦指心肺部位），症见口干、舌烂、唇裂、目赤、耳鸣，甚则微咳。
* 中焦有火（中焦指脾胃部位），表现为时而胃火亢盛，食不知饱，时而嗳腐吞酸，呃气上逆，脘腹胀满，饮食少进。
* 下焦有火（下焦指肝、肾、膀胱、大小肠部位），表现为大便干，小便少且黄赤，混浊有味，阴部时痒，妇女白带多，甚至带黄。
如何败火？
* 经常"上火"者的饮食治疗
* 容易上火应多吃什么食物？
* 上火吃泻火药为何无效
* 最快的败火方法是什么
* 败火的三道凉菜
口腔溃疡专栏
口腔溃疡发生的部位多见于口腔粘膜及舌的边缘，常是白色溃疡，周围有红晕，十分疼痛，特别是遇酸、咸、辣的食物时，疼痛更加厉害，以致美味佳肴都不愿品尝。虽是口腔小疾，却令人痛苦不堪，甚至坐卧不宁，寝食不安，情绪低落。
人为什么会口腔溃疡？（说的比较悬乎...)那么人为什么会反复口腔溃疡？
如何预防口腔溃疡？
口腔溃疡在很大程度上与个人身体素质有关，因此要想完全避免其发生可能性不大，但如果尽量避免诱发因素，仍可降低发生率。
具体措施是：
1、注意口腔卫生，避免损伤口腔黏膜，避免辛辣性食物和局部刺激。
2、保持心情舒畅，乐观开朗，避免事情和着急。
3、保证充足的睡眠时间，避免过度疲劳。
4、注意生活规律性和营养均衡性，养成一定排便习惯，防止便秘。
上火是中医的理论，西医一直没有明确支持。中国人一般都是这么叫的。人体里本身是有火的，如果没有火那么生命也就停止了，也就是所谓的生命之火。当然火也应该保持在一定的范围内，比如体温应该在37度左右，如果火过亢人就会不舒服，会出现很多红、肿、热、痛、烦等具体表现。上火的症状有哪些？吃什么东西可以败火？
网上对上火有很多种分类，一般分实虚两种（只是个人观点，不对实际的对与否做解释）。对于口腔溃疡的症状属于实火旺，表现为口腔溃疡、口干、尿黄、心烦易怒等；除了实火旺还有虚火，主要表现有心烦、口干、盗汗、睡眠不安等。按病位分有出来三种：
* 上焦有火（上焦指心肺部位），症见口干、舌烂、唇裂、目赤、耳鸣，甚则微咳。
* 中焦有火（中焦指脾胃部位），表现为时而胃火亢盛，食不知饱，时而嗳腐吞酸，呃气上逆，脘腹胀满，饮食少进。
* 下焦有火（下焦指肝、肾、膀胱、大小肠部位），表现为大便干，小便少且黄赤，混浊有味，阴部时痒，妇女白带多，甚至带黄。
如何败火？
* 经常"上火"者的饮食治疗
* 容易上火应多吃什么食物？
* 上火吃泻火药为何无效
* 最快的败火方法是什么
* 败火的三道凉菜
口腔溃疡专栏
口腔溃疡发生的部位多见于口腔粘膜及舌的边缘，常是白色溃疡，周围有红晕，十分疼痛，特别是遇酸、咸、辣的食物时，疼痛更加厉害，以致美味佳肴都不愿品尝。虽是口腔小疾，却令人痛苦不堪，甚至坐卧不宁，寝食不安，情绪低落。
人为什么会口腔溃疡？（说的比较悬乎...)那么人为什么会反复口腔溃疡？
如何预防口腔溃疡？
口腔溃疡在很大程度上与个人身体素质有关，因此要想完全避免其发生可能性不大，但如果尽量避免诱发因素，仍可降低发生率。
具体措施是：
1、注意口腔卫生，避免损伤口腔黏膜，避免辛辣性食物和局部刺激。
2、保持心情舒畅，乐观开朗，避免事情和着急。
3、保证充足的睡眠时间，避免过度疲劳。
4、注意生活规律性和营养均衡性，养成一定排便习惯，防止便秘。
舌头上起泡了
你好！首先祝你早日恢复健康！根据你的陈述，考虑为“口腔溃疡”的问题。
口腔溃疡是口腔黏膜病中最常见的一种疾病，中医称之为“口疳”，也叫“口疮”。介绍几种中药疗法，能够抑制口腔溃疡的复发，减轻患者痛苦，加快溃疡面的愈合。
1）建议首先应进行自我心理调节，去除有害精神因素。情绪不良的人应善于自解烦恼，宽容自慰，与人和睦共处，生活乐观。
2）其次是饮食调节。饱餐过度与口疮有不解之缘，尤其是消化不良者，应限食或少量多餐进易消化，富含维生素的食品，不可偏食，多吃蔬菜水果，注意营养搭配。注意保持口腔卫生。早晚刷牙，饭后漱口，已有溃疡者，应用薄荷含片或1/5000的呋喃西林液漱口。
3）西医用药。当口腔溃疡发生时，局部可用洗必泰漱口液，或复方硼砂漱口液等含漱，每日3--5次，每次10毫升，含5--10分钟后吐弃。再用口腔溃疡消炎薄膜，剪成溃疡面大小，贴于溃疡上，待其自然化解。或用0.5％达克罗宁溶液少许以棉签蘸取后涂于溃疡上，也可用珠黄散加青黛散混合后的粉剂涂于溃疡面，可收敛止痛，有助于愈合。金霉素眼膏少许，涂于溃疡面，也有止痛，促进溃疡愈合的疗效。
4）中医认为，要改善复发性口腔溃疡应注意排便通畅、睡眠充足，尤其是大便通畅是复发性口腔溃疡治疗过程中不可缺少的治疗法。应多吃新鲜水果和蔬菜可以清理肠胃，同时由于口腔溃疡也可能因缺乏维生素B2引起，可多吃蔬菜和小麦胚芽，并补充维生素C和锌。
5）以下给你介绍几则成功治愈“口腔溃疡”的秘方：
1. 取白矾6克，白糖4克。将上述两味，放入瓷器皿内，置文火上加热，待其溶化成膏后稍冷即可使用。若遇凝固时可再加温溶化使用。用时以棉球蘸白矾膏涂于溃疡面上，每日1--2次。清热解毒，生肌止痛。主治顽固性口腔溃疡。
2. 用维生素片适量。研成粉末，敷在口腔溃疡处，每日2--3次。如溃疡面积大，应用刮匙清除溃疡面上的渗出物，再敷维生素C粉末。消炎解毒。治疗口腔溃疡，一般1--3天可痊愈。
3. 取云南白药适量。直接吹敷口腔的溃疡面上。解毒消炎，活血止血。治疗口腔溃疡。一般2--3天后溃疡面即可愈合。
4. 用“六神丸”1支(30粒)研成粉，用2毫升凉开水调成稀糊备用。用药时先清洁口腔，然后用长棉签蘸上六神丸粉糊涂于溃疡面，每餐前10--15分钟用药，睡前加1次，每日4次。用药后5分钟即可达到止痛效果，进餐无疼痛，增进食欲。小溃疡1--2天可痊愈；多发性溃疡用药3天即可痊愈。
6）在发病较重情况下可考虑做全身治疗：
1. 在溃疡发作时，补充维生素B1、B2、B6及维生素C，可提高机体的自愈能力。
2. 抗生素类药。当溃疡有继发感染时，可适当服用抗生素类药。
3. 调整免疫功能的药。在溃疡数目多，不断复发时，可考虑使用。如用肾上腺皮质激素，一般中小剂量，短疗程。也可在医师指导下辩证施治服用中药，可服用调整免疫功能的药物如人参、黄芪、冬虫夏草，灵芝、六味地黄丸、补中益气丸等，提高免疫功能后可以减少复发。
---------------
舌头起泡是上火引起的，每天早上喝点板蓝根，晚上睡前喝个加了白糖的生鸡蛋，一定要是白糖啊！这样是很有效的。白天也可以在口中含白糖，这样坚持三到四天就好了。如果要根治，多坚持几天。
主要还是饮食调理，要多喝水。多吃点发凉的东西，比如：绿豆汤、水果，再买西瓜霜喷剂喷在患处。改变不好的生活习惯。如果要吃药的话，具体情况要具体分析。如果是胃火旺的话，可以吃一些三黄片等药，如果是肝火旺可以用丹参逍遥等。还有牛黄系列，如牛黄解毒、牛黄上清丸等。
精神压力也可能重要诱因。现代人生活紧张，精神压力大，口腔溃疡患者有许多是在过度疲劳后发病的。出现口腔溃疡时，患者若同时感到身体疲乏，还要检查自己休息是否足够，注意睡眠充足。同时避免吃土豆、西红柿、鸡蛋等容易引发口腔溃疡的食物。
----------------
一招破解：取白糖少许，置于舌头上起泡处，约需5分钟再来一次=痊愈。
----------------
以试试用淡盐水漱口，溃疡处抹白糖——新学会的小偏方。
或者局部上溃疡散。不要吃刺激的食物，多补充蔬菜和水果。
----------------
喷西瓜霜于患处，保持3－5分钟，每天两次，再口服一些“复合VitB”
----------------
介绍立效良方：
1、用广东梅州“双料喉风散”喷串处，一天数次。
2、用“鸭舌草”（鲜品），洗净嚼服。
----------------
确定是泡吗？我也常这样，那应该是一个进去的小坑，是不是发白啊！对付它我有好多招的，1 把白糖放到那然后忍着疼用舌头抻（摩擦） 2 嘴里含上醋
3 梨子煮水 4 把西瓜霜放到患处 最后一招 去医院看医生！
口腔溃疡是口腔黏膜病中最常见的一种疾病，中医称之为“口疳”，也叫“口疮”。介绍几种中药疗法，能够抑制口腔溃疡的复发，减轻患者痛苦，加快溃疡面的愈合。
1）建议首先应进行自我心理调节，去除有害精神因素。情绪不良的人应善于自解烦恼，宽容自慰，与人和睦共处，生活乐观。
2）其次是饮食调节。饱餐过度与口疮有不解之缘，尤其是消化不良者，应限食或少量多餐进易消化，富含维生素的食品，不可偏食，多吃蔬菜水果，注意营养搭配。注意保持口腔卫生。早晚刷牙，饭后漱口，已有溃疡者，应用薄荷含片或1/5000的呋喃西林液漱口。
3）西医用药。当口腔溃疡发生时，局部可用洗必泰漱口液，或复方硼砂漱口液等含漱，每日3--5次，每次10毫升，含5--10分钟后吐弃。再用口腔溃疡消炎薄膜，剪成溃疡面大小，贴于溃疡上，待其自然化解。或用0.5％达克罗宁溶液少许以棉签蘸取后涂于溃疡上，也可用珠黄散加青黛散混合后的粉剂涂于溃疡面，可收敛止痛，有助于愈合。金霉素眼膏少许，涂于溃疡面，也有止痛，促进溃疡愈合的疗效。
4）中医认为，要改善复发性口腔溃疡应注意排便通畅、睡眠充足，尤其是大便通畅是复发性口腔溃疡治疗过程中不可缺少的治疗法。应多吃新鲜水果和蔬菜可以清理肠胃，同时由于口腔溃疡也可能因缺乏维生素B2引起，可多吃蔬菜和小麦胚芽，并补充维生素C和锌。
5）以下给你介绍几则成功治愈“口腔溃疡”的秘方：
1. 取白矾6克，白糖4克。将上述两味，放入瓷器皿内，置文火上加热，待其溶化成膏后稍冷即可使用。若遇凝固时可再加温溶化使用。用时以棉球蘸白矾膏涂于溃疡面上，每日1--2次。清热解毒，生肌止痛。主治顽固性口腔溃疡。
2. 用维生素片适量。研成粉末，敷在口腔溃疡处，每日2--3次。如溃疡面积大，应用刮匙清除溃疡面上的渗出物，再敷维生素C粉末。消炎解毒。治疗口腔溃疡，一般1--3天可痊愈。
3. 取云南白药适量。直接吹敷口腔的溃疡面上。解毒消炎，活血止血。治疗口腔溃疡。一般2--3天后溃疡面即可愈合。
4. 用“六神丸”1支(30粒)研成粉，用2毫升凉开水调成稀糊备用。用药时先清洁口腔，然后用长棉签蘸上六神丸粉糊涂于溃疡面，每餐前10--15分钟用药，睡前加1次，每日4次。用药后5分钟即可达到止痛效果，进餐无疼痛，增进食欲。小溃疡1--2天可痊愈；多发性溃疡用药3天即可痊愈。
6）在发病较重情况下可考虑做全身治疗：
1. 在溃疡发作时，补充维生素B1、B2、B6及维生素C，可提高机体的自愈能力。
2. 抗生素类药。当溃疡有继发感染时，可适当服用抗生素类药。
3. 调整免疫功能的药。在溃疡数目多，不断复发时，可考虑使用。如用肾上腺皮质激素，一般中小剂量，短疗程。也可在医师指导下辩证施治服用中药，可服用调整免疫功能的药物如人参、黄芪、冬虫夏草，灵芝、六味地黄丸、补中益气丸等，提高免疫功能后可以减少复发。
---------------
舌头起泡是上火引起的，每天早上喝点板蓝根，晚上睡前喝个加了白糖的生鸡蛋，一定要是白糖啊！这样是很有效的。白天也可以在口中含白糖，这样坚持三到四天就好了。如果要根治，多坚持几天。
主要还是饮食调理，要多喝水。多吃点发凉的东西，比如：绿豆汤、水果，再买西瓜霜喷剂喷在患处。改变不好的生活习惯。如果要吃药的话，具体情况要具体分析。如果是胃火旺的话，可以吃一些三黄片等药，如果是肝火旺可以用丹参逍遥等。还有牛黄系列，如牛黄解毒、牛黄上清丸等。
精神压力也可能重要诱因。现代人生活紧张，精神压力大，口腔溃疡患者有许多是在过度疲劳后发病的。出现口腔溃疡时，患者若同时感到身体疲乏，还要检查自己休息是否足够，注意睡眠充足。同时避免吃土豆、西红柿、鸡蛋等容易引发口腔溃疡的食物。
----------------
一招破解：取白糖少许，置于舌头上起泡处，约需5分钟再来一次=痊愈。
----------------
以试试用淡盐水漱口，溃疡处抹白糖——新学会的小偏方。
或者局部上溃疡散。不要吃刺激的食物，多补充蔬菜和水果。
----------------
喷西瓜霜于患处，保持3－5分钟，每天两次，再口服一些“复合VitB”
----------------
介绍立效良方：
1、用广东梅州“双料喉风散”喷串处，一天数次。
2、用“鸭舌草”（鲜品），洗净嚼服。
----------------
确定是泡吗？我也常这样，那应该是一个进去的小坑，是不是发白啊！对付它我有好多招的，1 把白糖放到那然后忍着疼用舌头抻（摩擦） 2 嘴里含上醋
3 梨子煮水 4 把西瓜霜放到患处 最后一招 去医院看医生！
Tuesday, December 25, 2007
夏季甲醛挥发“狂” 避免室内污染的方法(图)
http://www.lsjjw.com 2006年6月29日 来源：生命时报 浏览：32次
入夏后，陈女士总闻到家里有阵阵刺鼻的味道，很像是从家具和墙壁中散发出来的，于是她申请了室内空气质量检测。检测结果让她吓了一大跳，装修时原本达标的室内甲醛浓度，竟然达到了0.23毫克/立方米，足足超出国家标准1倍多。
近日，不断有居民向北京室内建筑装饰协会环保委员会反映，平日里并无异常的家中忽然出现了刺激性气味。经专业人员检测发现，这些房间空气中的甲醛释放浓度都很高，最高甚至超出国家《室内空气质量标准》近4倍。
夏季是甲醛挥发最“猖狂”的季节，室温每上升1℃，木制家具和地板等处挥发的甲醛，会使室内空气中的甲醛浓度上升0.15—0.37倍。在这种环境中，人就好像身处喷洒了杀虫剂的封闭室内一样，感到眼睛刺痛、嗓子发痒。实验表明，当室温升高到30℃，室内相对湿度在45%时，空气中的甲醛释放浓度为0.223毫克/立方米，超出国家《室内空气质量标准》2.23倍；室温升高到34℃，相对湿度在50%时，甲醛释放浓度超出标准5.53倍；而当室温在18℃，相对湿度在30%时，空气中的甲醛释放浓度仅为0.033毫克/立方米，远远低于国家标准。
经室内环境检测机构调查，除了甲醛外，夏季室内污染物质还有以下三个方面：建筑工程冬季施工造成的混凝土防冻剂释放而导致的氨气污染；空调内部的生物污染，如“军团菌”等；室内环境气味污染，尤以化学用品、塑料用品、卫生间和厨房产生的气味污染比较突出。虽然以上气味未必都对人体有害，但时间久了，会使人出现呕吐、头痛等症状，甚至诱发各种慢性疾病。
为了避免夏季室内甲醛污染，不妨采取以下方法：
开窗通风。夏季室内防暑不要过于依赖空调，因为多数家用空调只能调节室温，没有通风换气的功能。在早晚凉爽的时候可以打开窗子，以有效降低室内污染物质的浓度，有孕妇或婴幼儿的家庭尤其要注意。开空调时，也可以在背阴处给窗户留个小缝。
在污染源放置一些活性炭。污染源一般是暖气罩、抽屉、衣柜、书柜、床箱等人造板材使用量大的地方。放入活性炭后，家具一定要关严，释放出来的甲醛等有害气体就会被活性炭吸附，从而避免污染。
室内放个水族箱。甲醛等污染物质会溶于水，水族箱能起到降低室内污染的作用。
如果甲醛等污染物质的浓度过高，可以购买室内空气净化器治理，治理的方法有化学分解、分子筛过滤、活性炭吸附、负离子催化等方法，也有的采取封闭蜡对家具表面进行封闭，从而达到抑制有害气体释放的目的。
入夏后，陈女士总闻到家里有阵阵刺鼻的味道，很像是从家具和墙壁中散发出来的，于是她申请了室内空气质量检测。检测结果让她吓了一大跳，装修时原本达标的室内甲醛浓度，竟然达到了0.23毫克/立方米，足足超出国家标准1倍多。
近日，不断有居民向北京室内建筑装饰协会环保委员会反映，平日里并无异常的家中忽然出现了刺激性气味。经专业人员检测发现，这些房间空气中的甲醛释放浓度都很高，最高甚至超出国家《室内空气质量标准》近4倍。
夏季是甲醛挥发最“猖狂”的季节，室温每上升1℃，木制家具和地板等处挥发的甲醛，会使室内空气中的甲醛浓度上升0.15—0.37倍。在这种环境中，人就好像身处喷洒了杀虫剂的封闭室内一样，感到眼睛刺痛、嗓子发痒。实验表明，当室温升高到30℃，室内相对湿度在45%时，空气中的甲醛释放浓度为0.223毫克/立方米，超出国家《室内空气质量标准》2.23倍；室温升高到34℃，相对湿度在50%时，甲醛释放浓度超出标准5.53倍；而当室温在18℃，相对湿度在30%时，空气中的甲醛释放浓度仅为0.033毫克/立方米，远远低于国家标准。
经室内环境检测机构调查，除了甲醛外，夏季室内污染物质还有以下三个方面：建筑工程冬季施工造成的混凝土防冻剂释放而导致的氨气污染；空调内部的生物污染，如“军团菌”等；室内环境气味污染，尤以化学用品、塑料用品、卫生间和厨房产生的气味污染比较突出。虽然以上气味未必都对人体有害，但时间久了，会使人出现呕吐、头痛等症状，甚至诱发各种慢性疾病。
为了避免夏季室内甲醛污染，不妨采取以下方法：
开窗通风。夏季室内防暑不要过于依赖空调，因为多数家用空调只能调节室温，没有通风换气的功能。在早晚凉爽的时候可以打开窗子，以有效降低室内污染物质的浓度，有孕妇或婴幼儿的家庭尤其要注意。开空调时，也可以在背阴处给窗户留个小缝。
在污染源放置一些活性炭。污染源一般是暖气罩、抽屉、衣柜、书柜、床箱等人造板材使用量大的地方。放入活性炭后，家具一定要关严，释放出来的甲醛等有害气体就会被活性炭吸附，从而避免污染。
室内放个水族箱。甲醛等污染物质会溶于水，水族箱能起到降低室内污染的作用。
如果甲醛等污染物质的浓度过高，可以购买室内空气净化器治理，治理的方法有化学分解、分子筛过滤、活性炭吸附、负离子催化等方法，也有的采取封闭蜡对家具表面进行封闭，从而达到抑制有害气体释放的目的。
Formaldehyde Emissions and Particleboard Core Products
Formaldehyde Emissions and Particleboard Core Products
Publications > Articles/White Papers > Casework
Formaldehyde Emissions and Particleboard Core Products
Topic
Like many technical issues, the topic of formaldehyde emissions is often misunderstood. At times requests are made for formaldehyde-free products. While these materials are available, at a much higher cost, the facts indicate they are generally not necessary.
The information contained in the paper has been summarized from the following sources:
# Formaldehyde Emission Barriers for Particleboard and MDF
Composite Panel Association
www.pbmdf.com
# An Update on Formaldehyde, 1997 Revision
U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
www.cpsc.gov
Formaldehyde Defined
Formaldehyde is one of the most widespread chemicals in the world. It is used in consumer products, such as shampoo, lipstick, toothpaste, vaccines, disinfectants, permanent press clothing, upholstery, liquid coatings, particleboard (PB) and medium density fiberboard (MDF).
It is a simple compound made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, and is a colorless, strong-smelling gas. It is one of the large family of chemical compounds called volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The use of the word 'volatile' means that the compounds vaporize, that is, become a gas, at normal room temperatures.
Formaldehyde is naturally produced in plants and animals. It is important in the human metabolic process. It is a by-product of combustion in burning wood, kerosene, natural gas, automobile engines and cigarettes. Formaldehyde can also off-gas from materials made with it.
Issues
Formaldehyde has become a concern because in high levels (above 0.1 parts per million of air) it can cause watery eyes, burning sensations in the eyes, nose and throat, nausea, coughing, chest tightness, wheezing, skin rashes, and allergic reactions.
Some persons have developed allergic reactions, asthmatic reactions and skin rashes from skin contact with solutions of formaldehyde or durable-press clothing containing formaldehyde.
At very high levels it has been observed to cause cancer in scientific studies using laboratory animals and may cause cancer in humans.Typical exposures to humans are much lower and the risk of causing cancer is believed to be small.
Formaldehyde is just one of several gases present indoors that may cause illnesses. Many of these gases, as well as colds and flu, cause similar symptoms.
Formaldehyde in particleboard
Urea formaldehyde adhesives are used in most PB/MDF products worldwide. It enables the adhesive to bond the wood particles and fibers together. These adhesives are easy to work with, strong, durable and cost-effective.
Changes in resin technology and improved manufacturing controls have dramatically reduced formaldehyde emissions in particleboard, as much as 80-90% since the early 1980's. Product standards (ANSI A208.1 for particleboard) contain formaldehyde emissions limits at levels lower than those common in the past.
ANSI requirements
ANSI A208.1 states formaldehyde shall not exceed 0.3 parts per million (ppm) under test conditions. Test conditions include an air exchange rate of 0.5/hour and test temperatures of 77o +/- 2oF. Board sheets meet or exceed this requirement when manufactured.
Risk
Formaldehyde is normally present at levels less than 0.03 parts per million (ppm) in both outdoor and indoor air. Rural areas have lower concentrations than urban areas. Indoor levels can increase with the presence of products that may add formaldehyde to the air.
Many factors affect the levels of formaldehyde found in indoor air. These factors include:
# What is releasing the formaldehyde (the source).
o Bare materials, such as particleboard flooring underlayment, have greater emissions than sealed/finished materials.
# Temperature
o Higher temperatures release more formaldehyde, lower temperatures release less.
# Humidity
o Higher humidity releases more formaldehyde, lower humidity releases less.
# Season and time of day.
o Hot, humid days have higher levels of formaldehyde.
o Cool, dry days or nights have lower levels.
# Air exchange rate.
o Increased home/office sealing and insulation increases formaldehyde levels.
o Low air change levels trap emissions in a room. High changes dilute emissions.
o Rooms typically are designed to have at least 8-12 air changes per hour.
The last 20 years have seen great efforts to reduce formaldehyde emissions in manufactured products. Pressed wood products such as particleboard have had reductions of 80-90%.
For most people, low-level exposure to formaldehyde (up to 0.1 ppm) does not produce symptoms.
Risk reduction - general
To reduce exposure:
*
Wash durable-press fabrics before use.
*
Avoid the use of foamed-in-place insulation containing formaldehyde.
*
Use panel products not made with urea-formaldehyde glues.
*
Use particleboard panel products conforming to ANSI A208.1-1993.
*
Ensure cabinets made with particleboard contain a high percentage of panel surface and edges that are laminated or coated.
*
Ensure an adequate number of air exchanges are designed into the workplace.
*
Keep temperatures cooler. Test conditions are 77oF +/- 2o.
*
Keep humidity low.
*
Eliminate plants from the workplace.
Risk reduction - particleboard
Particleboard is an ideal component for many products because it is dimensionally stable, has tight thickness tolerances and has a flat, smooth surface. Most often the board is used as a substrate for laminates, overlays and finishes. While these surface treatments are aesthetic; they also protect the substrate against water damage, stains and damage from normal use. These same treatments also serve as barriers, reducing formaldehyde emissions from the PB core.
Aging
Emission levels are always highest immediately after manufacturing of the board and quickly drop as the board ages. Average emission levels from unfinished boards can drop by about 25% after the first month, and are usually half the initial amount in about six months or less.
This often reflects the time the raw board is in storage at the manufacturer, in transit to the distributor, in storage at the distributor, in transit to the customer-manufacturer and in storage at the customer-manufacturer before being used in manufacturing the final customer product.
Within a year levels have decayed to approximate equilibrium with background ambient levels.
Barriers
Effective barriers can reduce emission levels by 95% or more. Good barrier properties include a continuous laminate or coating. Laminates generally require good adhesion to the board.
Case Systems recommends and uses PVA formaldehyde-free rigid adhesives. Independent tests indicate, when properly applied, PVA's are 2-1/2 times stronger than water- or solvent-based contact adhesives. With contact adhesives, adhesion failure is evidenced by delamination; with PVA's failure is evidenced not by delamination but by failure of the particleboard substrate.
Coatings properly applied in multiple layers of adequate thickness can ensure good barriers. Considerations include:
*
Oil-based finishes are better than water-based or latex.
*
Pinholes and other imperfections decrease the effectiveness of the coating.
*
Wood veneers are less effective depending on the species and thickness. Oak is more porous than maple. Surface veneers are thinner than core veneers.
*
Some finishes may contain formaldehyde and be a potential emission source.
*
Water-based finishes may lose their integrity as a barrier when humidity reaches levels high enough to cause swelling in wood substrates.
Laminates are almost impermeable to emissions.
The following materials common in casework are listed in their generally recognized order of effectiveness as barriers. (Effectiveness may vary due to application and environmental factors.)
*
High pressure laminates
*
Cabinet liners (20 mils+)
*
Melamine; thermofused more effective than foil.
*
Polyurethanes
*
Epoxy sealers/paints
*
Oil or lacquer sealer plus varnish or lacquer top coat
*
Finished wood veneers
CALCULATION OF EMISSIONS IN PARTICLEBOARD-BASED PRODUCTS
*
Manufactured board maximum emission level 0.3000 ppm
*
First month aging effect - 25% = 0.2250 ppm
*
Barrier effect (laminate, edgebanding) - 95% = 0.0125 ppm
*
Air change effect (Test rate is .5 changes/hour; x .125
4 changes used here; typical is 8-12) = 0.0014 ppm
*
Lower temperatures and humidity levels decrease emissions even further.
*
The 0.0014 ppm is much less than both the ANSI standard of 0.3 ppm for manufactured product and the potential effect level of 0.1 ppm.
Even if the above conditions are diluted by half, the .031 ppm result is still well below the permissible levels.
Conclusion
Standard particleboard core casework and tops, made with particleboard meeting ANSI A208.1 and properly laminated and edgebanded, should easily surpass formaldehyde emission requirements.
Additional Information
U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
Washington, D.C.
800/638-2772
www.cpsc.gov
Composite Panel Association
Gaithersburg, MD
301/670-0604
www.pbmdf.com
Case Systems, Inc.
Midland, MI
989/496-0773
www.casesystems.com
marketing@casesystems.com
Publications > Articles/White Papers > Casework
Formaldehyde Emissions and Particleboard Core Products
Topic
Like many technical issues, the topic of formaldehyde emissions is often misunderstood. At times requests are made for formaldehyde-free products. While these materials are available, at a much higher cost, the facts indicate they are generally not necessary.
The information contained in the paper has been summarized from the following sources:
# Formaldehyde Emission Barriers for Particleboard and MDF
Composite Panel Association
www.pbmdf.com
# An Update on Formaldehyde, 1997 Revision
U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
www.cpsc.gov
Formaldehyde Defined
Formaldehyde is one of the most widespread chemicals in the world. It is used in consumer products, such as shampoo, lipstick, toothpaste, vaccines, disinfectants, permanent press clothing, upholstery, liquid coatings, particleboard (PB) and medium density fiberboard (MDF).
It is a simple compound made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, and is a colorless, strong-smelling gas. It is one of the large family of chemical compounds called volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The use of the word 'volatile' means that the compounds vaporize, that is, become a gas, at normal room temperatures.
Formaldehyde is naturally produced in plants and animals. It is important in the human metabolic process. It is a by-product of combustion in burning wood, kerosene, natural gas, automobile engines and cigarettes. Formaldehyde can also off-gas from materials made with it.
Issues
Formaldehyde has become a concern because in high levels (above 0.1 parts per million of air) it can cause watery eyes, burning sensations in the eyes, nose and throat, nausea, coughing, chest tightness, wheezing, skin rashes, and allergic reactions.
Some persons have developed allergic reactions, asthmatic reactions and skin rashes from skin contact with solutions of formaldehyde or durable-press clothing containing formaldehyde.
At very high levels it has been observed to cause cancer in scientific studies using laboratory animals and may cause cancer in humans.Typical exposures to humans are much lower and the risk of causing cancer is believed to be small.
Formaldehyde is just one of several gases present indoors that may cause illnesses. Many of these gases, as well as colds and flu, cause similar symptoms.
Formaldehyde in particleboard
Urea formaldehyde adhesives are used in most PB/MDF products worldwide. It enables the adhesive to bond the wood particles and fibers together. These adhesives are easy to work with, strong, durable and cost-effective.
Changes in resin technology and improved manufacturing controls have dramatically reduced formaldehyde emissions in particleboard, as much as 80-90% since the early 1980's. Product standards (ANSI A208.1 for particleboard) contain formaldehyde emissions limits at levels lower than those common in the past.
ANSI requirements
ANSI A208.1 states formaldehyde shall not exceed 0.3 parts per million (ppm) under test conditions. Test conditions include an air exchange rate of 0.5/hour and test temperatures of 77o +/- 2oF. Board sheets meet or exceed this requirement when manufactured.
Risk
Formaldehyde is normally present at levels less than 0.03 parts per million (ppm) in both outdoor and indoor air. Rural areas have lower concentrations than urban areas. Indoor levels can increase with the presence of products that may add formaldehyde to the air.
Many factors affect the levels of formaldehyde found in indoor air. These factors include:
# What is releasing the formaldehyde (the source).
o Bare materials, such as particleboard flooring underlayment, have greater emissions than sealed/finished materials.
# Temperature
o Higher temperatures release more formaldehyde, lower temperatures release less.
# Humidity
o Higher humidity releases more formaldehyde, lower humidity releases less.
# Season and time of day.
o Hot, humid days have higher levels of formaldehyde.
o Cool, dry days or nights have lower levels.
# Air exchange rate.
o Increased home/office sealing and insulation increases formaldehyde levels.
o Low air change levels trap emissions in a room. High changes dilute emissions.
o Rooms typically are designed to have at least 8-12 air changes per hour.
The last 20 years have seen great efforts to reduce formaldehyde emissions in manufactured products. Pressed wood products such as particleboard have had reductions of 80-90%.
For most people, low-level exposure to formaldehyde (up to 0.1 ppm) does not produce symptoms.
Risk reduction - general
To reduce exposure:
*
Wash durable-press fabrics before use.
*
Avoid the use of foamed-in-place insulation containing formaldehyde.
*
Use panel products not made with urea-formaldehyde glues.
*
Use particleboard panel products conforming to ANSI A208.1-1993.
*
Ensure cabinets made with particleboard contain a high percentage of panel surface and edges that are laminated or coated.
*
Ensure an adequate number of air exchanges are designed into the workplace.
*
Keep temperatures cooler. Test conditions are 77oF +/- 2o.
*
Keep humidity low.
*
Eliminate plants from the workplace.
Risk reduction - particleboard
Particleboard is an ideal component for many products because it is dimensionally stable, has tight thickness tolerances and has a flat, smooth surface. Most often the board is used as a substrate for laminates, overlays and finishes. While these surface treatments are aesthetic; they also protect the substrate against water damage, stains and damage from normal use. These same treatments also serve as barriers, reducing formaldehyde emissions from the PB core.
Aging
Emission levels are always highest immediately after manufacturing of the board and quickly drop as the board ages. Average emission levels from unfinished boards can drop by about 25% after the first month, and are usually half the initial amount in about six months or less.
This often reflects the time the raw board is in storage at the manufacturer, in transit to the distributor, in storage at the distributor, in transit to the customer-manufacturer and in storage at the customer-manufacturer before being used in manufacturing the final customer product.
Within a year levels have decayed to approximate equilibrium with background ambient levels.
Barriers
Effective barriers can reduce emission levels by 95% or more. Good barrier properties include a continuous laminate or coating. Laminates generally require good adhesion to the board.
Case Systems recommends and uses PVA formaldehyde-free rigid adhesives. Independent tests indicate, when properly applied, PVA's are 2-1/2 times stronger than water- or solvent-based contact adhesives. With contact adhesives, adhesion failure is evidenced by delamination; with PVA's failure is evidenced not by delamination but by failure of the particleboard substrate.
Coatings properly applied in multiple layers of adequate thickness can ensure good barriers. Considerations include:
*
Oil-based finishes are better than water-based or latex.
*
Pinholes and other imperfections decrease the effectiveness of the coating.
*
Wood veneers are less effective depending on the species and thickness. Oak is more porous than maple. Surface veneers are thinner than core veneers.
*
Some finishes may contain formaldehyde and be a potential emission source.
*
Water-based finishes may lose their integrity as a barrier when humidity reaches levels high enough to cause swelling in wood substrates.
Laminates are almost impermeable to emissions.
The following materials common in casework are listed in their generally recognized order of effectiveness as barriers. (Effectiveness may vary due to application and environmental factors.)
*
High pressure laminates
*
Cabinet liners (20 mils+)
*
Melamine; thermofused more effective than foil.
*
Polyurethanes
*
Epoxy sealers/paints
*
Oil or lacquer sealer plus varnish or lacquer top coat
*
Finished wood veneers
CALCULATION OF EMISSIONS IN PARTICLEBOARD-BASED PRODUCTS
*
Manufactured board maximum emission level 0.3000 ppm
*
First month aging effect - 25% = 0.2250 ppm
*
Barrier effect (laminate, edgebanding) - 95% = 0.0125 ppm
*
Air change effect (Test rate is .5 changes/hour; x .125
4 changes used here; typical is 8-12) = 0.0014 ppm
*
Lower temperatures and humidity levels decrease emissions even further.
*
The 0.0014 ppm is much less than both the ANSI standard of 0.3 ppm for manufactured product and the potential effect level of 0.1 ppm.
Even if the above conditions are diluted by half, the .031 ppm result is still well below the permissible levels.
Conclusion
Standard particleboard core casework and tops, made with particleboard meeting ANSI A208.1 and properly laminated and edgebanded, should easily surpass formaldehyde emission requirements.
Additional Information
U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
Washington, D.C.
800/638-2772
www.cpsc.gov
Composite Panel Association
Gaithersburg, MD
301/670-0604
www.pbmdf.com
Case Systems, Inc.
Midland, MI
989/496-0773
www.casesystems.com
marketing@casesystems.com
防止甲醛石棉污染布(from 57 ways by UIUC)
http://www.thisland.uiuc.edu/57ways/57ways_46.html
46. Prevent Contamination By Formaldehyde And Asbestos
major sources of formaldehyde
Formaldehyde is emitted from certain products, including certain types of plywood and paneling, furniture, and some foamed-in-place insulation. The gas can cause watery eyes, burning sensations in the eyes and throat, nausea, and difficulty breathing in some people.
Many products that use formaldehyde contain very small amounts and may cause problems only for the few people who have extreme sensitivities. More important are those products that (a) contain substantial amounts of formaldehyde and (b) are used in large quantities throughout the house. The products listed here are of special concern.
formaldehyde test
It’s sometimes possible to detect a formaldehyde problem simply by its characteristic odor. Another option is to test for its presence in the air by hiring an environmental testing firm. Although the accuracy of do-it-yourself kits is questionable for very low concentrations, a positive result can confirm a problem. Keep in mind that do-it-yourself kits may be difficult to find and relatively expensive.
formaldehyde levels
Formaldehyde can be found in nearly all homes, at least in low concentrations. Research suggests that some health problems can occur at levels of 0.10 parts per million (ppm), with sensitive persons affected at levels of 0.05 ppm. Consult a knowledgeable physician if you suspect you are reacting to formaldehyde exposure.
reducing formaldehyde exposure
To reduce exposure, block formaldehyde emissions by covering exposed particle board with two coats of polyurethane varnish or, preferably, lacquer. Use substitutes for particle board such as waferboard and softwood interior-exterior plywood. Use solid-wood furniture and cabinets instead of veneered. Also, use drywall instead of paneling.
reducing formaldehyde exposure
Use air conditioning and dehumidifiers to maintain moderate temperatures and reduce humidity levels. Heat and humidity increase the rate at which formaldyhyde is released. Increase ventilation, particularly after bringing new sources of formaldehyde into the house. Also, wash permanent-press fabrics before use.
asbestos
Asbestos, a mineral fiber often found in the home, is another material that can become an air pollutant. Asbestos is only dangerous when the material is damaged and asbestos fibers are released into the air. Breathing high levels of asbestos fibers over a long period can lead to an increased risk of lung cancer and other respiratory diseases.
asbestos insulation
Most products made today do not contain asbestos, and the few products that still contain asbestos that can be inhaled are required to be labeled as such.
products that may contain asbestos
Here are some common products that might have contained asbestos in the past (and may be present in some homes today).
products that may contain asbestos
Additional products that might have contained asbestos in the past.
asbestos wraped pipe
Don’t panic if you think asbestos may be in your home. Usually, it’s best to leave asbestos material alone if it is in good condition. The asbestos pictured here is clearly not in good condition; but in cases where the asbestos is in good shape, disturbing it may create a health hazard where none existed before. If asbestos is damaged, seek expert help to repair or remove the material.
asbestos removal
Because of the hazards involved, asbestos repair and removal should be done by professionals who have received special training. Ask for proof of training and licensing in asbestos work, such as completion of a training course approved by the U.S. EPA. Professionals are also available to inspect your home for asbestos.
46. Prevent Contamination By Formaldehyde And Asbestos
major sources of formaldehyde
Formaldehyde is emitted from certain products, including certain types of plywood and paneling, furniture, and some foamed-in-place insulation. The gas can cause watery eyes, burning sensations in the eyes and throat, nausea, and difficulty breathing in some people.
Many products that use formaldehyde contain very small amounts and may cause problems only for the few people who have extreme sensitivities. More important are those products that (a) contain substantial amounts of formaldehyde and (b) are used in large quantities throughout the house. The products listed here are of special concern.
formaldehyde test
It’s sometimes possible to detect a formaldehyde problem simply by its characteristic odor. Another option is to test for its presence in the air by hiring an environmental testing firm. Although the accuracy of do-it-yourself kits is questionable for very low concentrations, a positive result can confirm a problem. Keep in mind that do-it-yourself kits may be difficult to find and relatively expensive.
formaldehyde levels
Formaldehyde can be found in nearly all homes, at least in low concentrations. Research suggests that some health problems can occur at levels of 0.10 parts per million (ppm), with sensitive persons affected at levels of 0.05 ppm. Consult a knowledgeable physician if you suspect you are reacting to formaldehyde exposure.
reducing formaldehyde exposure
To reduce exposure, block formaldehyde emissions by covering exposed particle board with two coats of polyurethane varnish or, preferably, lacquer. Use substitutes for particle board such as waferboard and softwood interior-exterior plywood. Use solid-wood furniture and cabinets instead of veneered. Also, use drywall instead of paneling.
reducing formaldehyde exposure
Use air conditioning and dehumidifiers to maintain moderate temperatures and reduce humidity levels. Heat and humidity increase the rate at which formaldyhyde is released. Increase ventilation, particularly after bringing new sources of formaldehyde into the house. Also, wash permanent-press fabrics before use.
asbestos
Asbestos, a mineral fiber often found in the home, is another material that can become an air pollutant. Asbestos is only dangerous when the material is damaged and asbestos fibers are released into the air. Breathing high levels of asbestos fibers over a long period can lead to an increased risk of lung cancer and other respiratory diseases.
asbestos insulation
Most products made today do not contain asbestos, and the few products that still contain asbestos that can be inhaled are required to be labeled as such.
products that may contain asbestos
Here are some common products that might have contained asbestos in the past (and may be present in some homes today).
products that may contain asbestos
Additional products that might have contained asbestos in the past.
asbestos wraped pipe
Don’t panic if you think asbestos may be in your home. Usually, it’s best to leave asbestos material alone if it is in good condition. The asbestos pictured here is clearly not in good condition; but in cases where the asbestos is in good shape, disturbing it may create a health hazard where none existed before. If asbestos is damaged, seek expert help to repair or remove the material.
asbestos removal
Because of the hazards involved, asbestos repair and removal should be done by professionals who have received special training. Ask for proof of training and licensing in asbestos work, such as completion of a training course approved by the U.S. EPA. Professionals are also available to inspect your home for asbestos.
咽喉肿痛之人，忌吃下列食物。
咽喉肿痛之人，忌吃下列食物。
爆米花
即炒米，咽喉肿痛者忌食。爆米花易伤阴上火，益增其疾。正如清代食医王孟英所说：“炒米虽香，性燥助火，非中寒便泻者忌之。”
狗肉
为温补性食物，明代医家缪希雍早就指出：“凡病人阴虚内热，多痰多火者慎勿食之。”咽喉肿痛为实热邪火，切勿服食狗肉。
羊肉
性温热，多食易助热动火，所以，《金匮要略》中说：“有宿热者不可食之。”《医学入门》中还说：“素有痰火者，食之骨蒸。”凡咽喉肿痛之人，多属火热为患，故当忌食。
鸡肉
为甘温补益食物，其性肥腻壅滞。《随息居饮食谱》说：“多食生热动风。”《中药大辞典》亦云：“凡实证不宜食。”咽喉肿痛属中医热证实证，法当忌食，清代食医王孟英也明确告诫：“喉症忌之。”
鹅肉
民间视为发物食品，其性甘润肥腻，易于生热助痰。明·李时珍说它“气味俱厚，发热发疮”。所以，咽喉肿痛及扁桃体发炎化脓者，切勿服食。
鹧鸪
性温，味甘，根据清代食医王孟英的经验，患有咽喉肿痛之人忌食之。王氏在《随息居饮食谱》中就曾告诫：“鹧鸪性属火，多食发喉痈。”
橘子
性凉，味甘酸，民间多视之为上火之物。如过多食用，极易出现咽喉干痛，口舌生疮或溃疡。所以，在患有咽喉肿痛期间，暂不宜多吃橘子。
龙眼肉
即桂圆肉。性温热，味甘甜，易助热助火助痰。《药品化义》说它“甘甜助火，若心肺火盛，皆宜忌用。”《随息居饮食谱》也认为“内有郁火均忌。”咽喉肿痛多属内有郁火，或肺热火炽所致，故应忌食之。
韭菜
性温，味辛。根据古代医家经验，患有疔肿疮毒者应忌之。如《本草汇言》中指出：“疮毒食之，愈增痛痒，疔肿食之，令人转剧。”对于咽喉肿痛之人，也属火毒为患，如《本草求真》中说：“韭，火盛阴虚，用之最忌。”由此可见，喉痈肿痛者，理当忌食韭菜。
辣椒
《群芳谱》中说它“味甚辣”。《食物宜忌》认为它“大热”。所以，辣椒大辛大热，易助热上火。《药性考》中指出：“久食令人齿痛咽肿。”因此，咽喉肿痛之人，法当忌食。
胡椒
为最常用的辛辣刺激性调味食品，其性大热。明·李时珍称之为“纯阳之物”，并说“辛走气，热助火，此物气味俱厚，病咽喉口齿者亦宜忌之”。清·王士雄也指出：“多食动火燥液，耗气伤阴，发疮损目。”咽喉肿痛多属火毒为患，理当忌食胡椒。
砂仁
为常用的芳香调味品。其性温，其味辛，有辛燥动血之弊，又易助热上火。凡火热之病，皆当忌之。《本草经疏》中就告诫：“咽痛由于火炎”不可食用。
桂皮
又称肉桂、官桂。性大热，味辛辣，是一味民间常用的五香调味品，有益火壮阳之功。《得配本草》曾经指出：“痰嗽咽痛，……四者禁用。”急性咽喉肿痛多为火热之疾，故当忌食之。
小茄香
为五香粉的五种调味香料之一。性温热，味辛辣，凡火热之证或阴虚火旺者，皆不宜吃。《得配本草》就有告诫：“肺、胃有热及热毒盛者禁用。”咽喉肿痛多缘于肺胃火炽，故当忌吃茴香，无论小茴或大茴，皆当禁忌。
人参
性温，味甘苦，为温补性强壮之晶。《中药大辞典》中指出：“实证、热证忌服。”咽喉肿痛乃火毒为患，是属热证实证，故当忌食人参。
此外，患有急慢性咽喉肿痛者，还应当忌吃生姜、葱、蒜、丁香、荜拨、洋葱、香椿头、胡荽、芥菜、花椒、荔枝、樱桃、大枣、猪肥肉、虾子、海参、黄芪、紫河车、冬虫夏草、香烟、白酒、酒酿等。
爆米花
即炒米，咽喉肿痛者忌食。爆米花易伤阴上火，益增其疾。正如清代食医王孟英所说：“炒米虽香，性燥助火，非中寒便泻者忌之。”
狗肉
为温补性食物，明代医家缪希雍早就指出：“凡病人阴虚内热，多痰多火者慎勿食之。”咽喉肿痛为实热邪火，切勿服食狗肉。
羊肉
性温热，多食易助热动火，所以，《金匮要略》中说：“有宿热者不可食之。”《医学入门》中还说：“素有痰火者，食之骨蒸。”凡咽喉肿痛之人，多属火热为患，故当忌食。
鸡肉
为甘温补益食物，其性肥腻壅滞。《随息居饮食谱》说：“多食生热动风。”《中药大辞典》亦云：“凡实证不宜食。”咽喉肿痛属中医热证实证，法当忌食，清代食医王孟英也明确告诫：“喉症忌之。”
鹅肉
民间视为发物食品，其性甘润肥腻，易于生热助痰。明·李时珍说它“气味俱厚，发热发疮”。所以，咽喉肿痛及扁桃体发炎化脓者，切勿服食。
鹧鸪
性温，味甘，根据清代食医王孟英的经验，患有咽喉肿痛之人忌食之。王氏在《随息居饮食谱》中就曾告诫：“鹧鸪性属火，多食发喉痈。”
橘子
性凉，味甘酸，民间多视之为上火之物。如过多食用，极易出现咽喉干痛，口舌生疮或溃疡。所以，在患有咽喉肿痛期间，暂不宜多吃橘子。
龙眼肉
即桂圆肉。性温热，味甘甜，易助热助火助痰。《药品化义》说它“甘甜助火，若心肺火盛，皆宜忌用。”《随息居饮食谱》也认为“内有郁火均忌。”咽喉肿痛多属内有郁火，或肺热火炽所致，故应忌食之。
韭菜
性温，味辛。根据古代医家经验，患有疔肿疮毒者应忌之。如《本草汇言》中指出：“疮毒食之，愈增痛痒，疔肿食之，令人转剧。”对于咽喉肿痛之人，也属火毒为患，如《本草求真》中说：“韭，火盛阴虚，用之最忌。”由此可见，喉痈肿痛者，理当忌食韭菜。
辣椒
《群芳谱》中说它“味甚辣”。《食物宜忌》认为它“大热”。所以，辣椒大辛大热，易助热上火。《药性考》中指出：“久食令人齿痛咽肿。”因此，咽喉肿痛之人，法当忌食。
胡椒
为最常用的辛辣刺激性调味食品，其性大热。明·李时珍称之为“纯阳之物”，并说“辛走气，热助火，此物气味俱厚，病咽喉口齿者亦宜忌之”。清·王士雄也指出：“多食动火燥液，耗气伤阴，发疮损目。”咽喉肿痛多属火毒为患，理当忌食胡椒。
砂仁
为常用的芳香调味品。其性温，其味辛，有辛燥动血之弊，又易助热上火。凡火热之病，皆当忌之。《本草经疏》中就告诫：“咽痛由于火炎”不可食用。
桂皮
又称肉桂、官桂。性大热，味辛辣，是一味民间常用的五香调味品，有益火壮阳之功。《得配本草》曾经指出：“痰嗽咽痛，……四者禁用。”急性咽喉肿痛多为火热之疾，故当忌食之。
小茄香
为五香粉的五种调味香料之一。性温热，味辛辣，凡火热之证或阴虚火旺者，皆不宜吃。《得配本草》就有告诫：“肺、胃有热及热毒盛者禁用。”咽喉肿痛多缘于肺胃火炽，故当忌吃茴香，无论小茴或大茴，皆当禁忌。
人参
性温，味甘苦，为温补性强壮之晶。《中药大辞典》中指出：“实证、热证忌服。”咽喉肿痛乃火毒为患，是属热证实证，故当忌食人参。
此外，患有急慢性咽喉肿痛者，还应当忌吃生姜、葱、蒜、丁香、荜拨、洋葱、香椿头、胡荽、芥菜、花椒、荔枝、樱桃、大枣、猪肥肉、虾子、海参、黄芪、紫河车、冬虫夏草、香烟、白酒、酒酿等。
咽喉肿痛宜忌原则
咽喉肿痛宜忌原则
忌吃性属温热上火的食物凡患有急性或者慢性咽炎、喉炎、扁桃体炎、扁桃体周围脓肿、疱疹性咽峡炎、溃疡膜性咽炎、咽喉脓肿等
咽喉肿痛是一种临床症状
咽喉肿痛是一种临床症状，凡患有急性或者慢性咽炎、喉炎、扁桃体炎、扁桃体周围脓肿、疱疹性咽峡炎、溃疡膜性咽炎、咽喉脓肿等，均可引起咽喉局部的肿痛。
宜忌原则
我国传统医学认为，咽喉肿痛多半是由外感风热之邪，或因肺胃郁火上冲，或由阴虚火旺所致，故在饮食方面宜吃清淡多汁的各种新鲜蔬菜瓜果，宜吃具有散风清热、生津利咽作用的食物，宜吃具有清泻肺热胃火作用的食物，宜吃具有养阴降火作用的食物；忌吃辛辣刺激性食物，忌吃性属温热上火的食物，忌吃煎炒香燥伤阴的食物，忌吃黏糯滋腻的食物；忌吃烟与酒。
忌吃性属温热上火的食物凡患有急性或者慢性咽炎、喉炎、扁桃体炎、扁桃体周围脓肿、疱疹性咽峡炎、溃疡膜性咽炎、咽喉脓肿等
咽喉肿痛是一种临床症状
咽喉肿痛是一种临床症状，凡患有急性或者慢性咽炎、喉炎、扁桃体炎、扁桃体周围脓肿、疱疹性咽峡炎、溃疡膜性咽炎、咽喉脓肿等，均可引起咽喉局部的肿痛。
宜忌原则
我国传统医学认为，咽喉肿痛多半是由外感风热之邪，或因肺胃郁火上冲，或由阴虚火旺所致，故在饮食方面宜吃清淡多汁的各种新鲜蔬菜瓜果，宜吃具有散风清热、生津利咽作用的食物，宜吃具有清泻肺热胃火作用的食物，宜吃具有养阴降火作用的食物；忌吃辛辣刺激性食物，忌吃性属温热上火的食物，忌吃煎炒香燥伤阴的食物，忌吃黏糯滋腻的食物；忌吃烟与酒。
常见病症饮食宜忌：感冒
感冒，俗称伤风。根据发病季节或症状不同，中医通常分为风寒感冒和风热感冒两大类型。风寒感冒多表现为发热怕冷，头痛全身痛，鼻塞流清涕，咳嗽痰为白粘痰，知苔薄白；风热感冒者发热不怕冷，头痛，咽喉痛，咳嗽痰为黄稠脓性痰，舌苔微黄。至于气虚感冒、阴虚感冒、阳虚感冒、风湿感冒、暑湿感冒等类型。
宜 忌 原 则 ：
总的来说，感冒属于外邪侵犯，所以，原则上感冒初起宜吃清淡稀软饮食或食物，忌吃油腻、粘滞、酸腥、滋补食品，以防闭门留寇，外邪反不易驱出。风寒感冒者宜吃具有辛温发汗散寒之品，忌吃生冷性凉食物；风热感冒者宜吃辛凉疏风清热利咽食物，忌吃辛辣性热物品。
宜 食 物 品 ：
凡感冒之人，宜分清风寒感冒或风热感冒，分别适宜选用以下食物：
【生姜】性温，味辛，具有散寒发汗、解表祛风作用，适宜风寒感冒者食用。民间常以生姜3片，红糖适量，开水冲泡，俗称生姜红糖茶，频频饮用，汗出即愈。
【葱白】性温，味辛，具有调节体温，使汗腺的排汗工作正常的作用，并可减少和预防伤风感冒的发生。适宜风寒型伤风感冒者食用。
【紫苏】性温，味辛，有发汗、散寒、退热作用，对风寒感冒之人宜食。若气虚之人风寒感冒时，宜用紫苏叶同大米者成稀粥食用。由于紫苏所含的特有香气是紫苏乙醛，即紫苏油精，易于挥发，发所，煮紫苏粥时宜在稀粥临熟时加入紫苏叶10克，稍沸即可，不宜久煮。
【金银花】有清热作用，中医常用以治疗风热感冒。《常用中草药手册》：“金银花清热解毒，治外感发热咳嗽。制成凉茶，或预防中暑感冒。”凡夏季风热感冒，发热咽痛者，宜用金银花泡茶频饮。
【荷叶】适宜夏天风热感冒者食用，它有清暑作用。《滇南本草》：“荷叶上清头目之风热。”《本草再新》也说：“清凉解暑，止渴生津，解火热。”所以炎夏酷暑之季，用荷叶煎水代茶，频频饮用，对预防和治疗暑热感冒，最为适宜。
【薄荷】性凉，味辛，有疏风、散热利咽喉的作用。《本草纲目》中说：“薄荷，辛能发散，凉能清利，专于消风散热。”适宜风热感冒，头痛目赤，咽喉肿痛者，泡茶饮用。
【白菊花】风热感冒者，宜用白菊花5克，开水冲泡，代茶饮。尤其适宜夏天炎热时饮用，它有疏风、清热、明目、解毒、祛暑的功效。
【豆豉】性平，能解散表邪，民间常以豆豉与葱白同用，或煎汤饮，或煮粥食，无论对风寒感冒或风热感冒均宜，有发汗、退烧的效果。
【芫荽】性温，味辛，风寒感冒者宜食。民间喜用芫荽、饴糖各30克，加米汤半碗，蒸熟食用。
【菊花脑】在江苏南京地区常作为夏令佳疏。性凉，味甘，有清热、凉血、祛暑、降火、清利头目的作用，最适宜夏季风热感冒，发热口干，咽痛口苦，头痛目赤者熬汤食用。
【橄榄】又名青果。有清肺、利咽喉、化痰的作用，对风热感冒合并咽喉肿痛者尤为适宜。民间习惯用橄榄2 ～ 5个，劈开，鲜萝卜（红皮、白皮均可）半个至1个切开，煮水代茶饮。
【地瓜】能生津止渴，治生啖或煮食。《陆川本草》记载：“生津止渴，治热病口渴。”适宜风热感冒、发热口干、头痛烦渴时食用。
【荸荠】适宜风热感冒之人咳嗽痰黄，咽喉肿痛，口干作渴者食用。它有清热、化痰、止渴的效果，或生食，或煮食，或榨汁饮用均可。若与海蜇皮一同煎水喝，其化痰止咳作用更好。
【梨子】性凉，味甘，能生津、清热、化痰、适宜风热感冒、发热、口干渴、咳嗽痰黄时，随意食用。民间习惯对风热感冒咳嗽者，用生梨1个，洗净连皮切碎，加冰糖炖服。
【萝卜】有清热解毒、止咳化痰的作用，对风热感冒引起的咳嗽痰多者，尤为适宜。
根据中医“寒者热之，热者寒之，虚者补之，实者泻之”的治疗原则：凡风寒感冒者宜吃温热性或平性的食物，诸如辣椒、花椒、肉桂、大米粥、砂仁、金橘、柠檬、佛手柑、洋葱、南瓜、青菜、扁豆、赤小豆、黄芽菜、豇豆、杏子、桃子、樱桃、山楂等；风热型感冒者宜食用寒凉性物品，如绿豆、苹果、柿霜、枇粑、柑、橙子、猕猴桃、草莓、罗汉果、无花果、旱芹、水芹、蕹菜、苋菜、菠菜、金针菜、莴苣、枸杞头、豆腐、面筋、冬瓜、瓠子、地瓜、丝瓜、胖大海，马兰头、菜瓜、绿豆芽、柿子、香蕉、西瓜、苦瓜、甘蔗、番茄等。
忌 食 物 品 ：
凡感冒期间，无论风寒感冒或是风热感冒，忌吃一切滋补、油腻、酸涩食物，诸如猪肉、鸭肉、鸡肉、羊内、糯米饭、黄芪、黄精、麦冬、人参、胎盘、阿胶各种海鱼、虾子、螃蟹、龙眼肉、石榴、乌梅、以及各种粘糯的甜点食品。
风寒感冒者还要忌吃上述的寒凉性食品，如柿子、柿饼、豆腐、绿豆芽、田螺、螺蛳、蚌肉、蚬肉、生萝卜、生藕、生地瓜、生菜瓜、生梨、生冷荸荠、罗汉果、冷茶、菊花脑、薄荷、金银花、白菊花、胖大海。
风热感冒者还应忌食生姜、胡椒、桂皮、茴香、丁香、砂仁、白酒、冬虫夏草等。
宜 忌 原 则 ：
总的来说，感冒属于外邪侵犯，所以，原则上感冒初起宜吃清淡稀软饮食或食物，忌吃油腻、粘滞、酸腥、滋补食品，以防闭门留寇，外邪反不易驱出。风寒感冒者宜吃具有辛温发汗散寒之品，忌吃生冷性凉食物；风热感冒者宜吃辛凉疏风清热利咽食物，忌吃辛辣性热物品。
宜 食 物 品 ：
凡感冒之人，宜分清风寒感冒或风热感冒，分别适宜选用以下食物：
【生姜】性温，味辛，具有散寒发汗、解表祛风作用，适宜风寒感冒者食用。民间常以生姜3片，红糖适量，开水冲泡，俗称生姜红糖茶，频频饮用，汗出即愈。
【葱白】性温，味辛，具有调节体温，使汗腺的排汗工作正常的作用，并可减少和预防伤风感冒的发生。适宜风寒型伤风感冒者食用。
【紫苏】性温，味辛，有发汗、散寒、退热作用，对风寒感冒之人宜食。若气虚之人风寒感冒时，宜用紫苏叶同大米者成稀粥食用。由于紫苏所含的特有香气是紫苏乙醛，即紫苏油精，易于挥发，发所，煮紫苏粥时宜在稀粥临熟时加入紫苏叶10克，稍沸即可，不宜久煮。
【金银花】有清热作用，中医常用以治疗风热感冒。《常用中草药手册》：“金银花清热解毒，治外感发热咳嗽。制成凉茶，或预防中暑感冒。”凡夏季风热感冒，发热咽痛者，宜用金银花泡茶频饮。
【荷叶】适宜夏天风热感冒者食用，它有清暑作用。《滇南本草》：“荷叶上清头目之风热。”《本草再新》也说：“清凉解暑，止渴生津，解火热。”所以炎夏酷暑之季，用荷叶煎水代茶，频频饮用，对预防和治疗暑热感冒，最为适宜。
【薄荷】性凉，味辛，有疏风、散热利咽喉的作用。《本草纲目》中说：“薄荷，辛能发散，凉能清利，专于消风散热。”适宜风热感冒，头痛目赤，咽喉肿痛者，泡茶饮用。
【白菊花】风热感冒者，宜用白菊花5克，开水冲泡，代茶饮。尤其适宜夏天炎热时饮用，它有疏风、清热、明目、解毒、祛暑的功效。
【豆豉】性平，能解散表邪，民间常以豆豉与葱白同用，或煎汤饮，或煮粥食，无论对风寒感冒或风热感冒均宜，有发汗、退烧的效果。
【芫荽】性温，味辛，风寒感冒者宜食。民间喜用芫荽、饴糖各30克，加米汤半碗，蒸熟食用。
【菊花脑】在江苏南京地区常作为夏令佳疏。性凉，味甘，有清热、凉血、祛暑、降火、清利头目的作用，最适宜夏季风热感冒，发热口干，咽痛口苦，头痛目赤者熬汤食用。
【橄榄】又名青果。有清肺、利咽喉、化痰的作用，对风热感冒合并咽喉肿痛者尤为适宜。民间习惯用橄榄2 ～ 5个，劈开，鲜萝卜（红皮、白皮均可）半个至1个切开，煮水代茶饮。
【地瓜】能生津止渴，治生啖或煮食。《陆川本草》记载：“生津止渴，治热病口渴。”适宜风热感冒、发热口干、头痛烦渴时食用。
【荸荠】适宜风热感冒之人咳嗽痰黄，咽喉肿痛，口干作渴者食用。它有清热、化痰、止渴的效果，或生食，或煮食，或榨汁饮用均可。若与海蜇皮一同煎水喝，其化痰止咳作用更好。
【梨子】性凉，味甘，能生津、清热、化痰、适宜风热感冒、发热、口干渴、咳嗽痰黄时，随意食用。民间习惯对风热感冒咳嗽者，用生梨1个，洗净连皮切碎，加冰糖炖服。
【萝卜】有清热解毒、止咳化痰的作用，对风热感冒引起的咳嗽痰多者，尤为适宜。
根据中医“寒者热之，热者寒之，虚者补之，实者泻之”的治疗原则：凡风寒感冒者宜吃温热性或平性的食物，诸如辣椒、花椒、肉桂、大米粥、砂仁、金橘、柠檬、佛手柑、洋葱、南瓜、青菜、扁豆、赤小豆、黄芽菜、豇豆、杏子、桃子、樱桃、山楂等；风热型感冒者宜食用寒凉性物品，如绿豆、苹果、柿霜、枇粑、柑、橙子、猕猴桃、草莓、罗汉果、无花果、旱芹、水芹、蕹菜、苋菜、菠菜、金针菜、莴苣、枸杞头、豆腐、面筋、冬瓜、瓠子、地瓜、丝瓜、胖大海，马兰头、菜瓜、绿豆芽、柿子、香蕉、西瓜、苦瓜、甘蔗、番茄等。
忌 食 物 品 ：
凡感冒期间，无论风寒感冒或是风热感冒，忌吃一切滋补、油腻、酸涩食物，诸如猪肉、鸭肉、鸡肉、羊内、糯米饭、黄芪、黄精、麦冬、人参、胎盘、阿胶各种海鱼、虾子、螃蟹、龙眼肉、石榴、乌梅、以及各种粘糯的甜点食品。
风寒感冒者还要忌吃上述的寒凉性食品，如柿子、柿饼、豆腐、绿豆芽、田螺、螺蛳、蚌肉、蚬肉、生萝卜、生藕、生地瓜、生菜瓜、生梨、生冷荸荠、罗汉果、冷茶、菊花脑、薄荷、金银花、白菊花、胖大海。
风热感冒者还应忌食生姜、胡椒、桂皮、茴香、丁香、砂仁、白酒、冬虫夏草等。
咽喉肿痛宜食物品
患有咽喉肿痛者，宜吃以下食物。
橄榄
入肺胃经，有清肺、利咽、生津、解毒作用。《滇南本草》说它：“治一切喉火上炎”。《本草纲目》亦载：“治咽喉痛，咀嚼咽汁。”《王氏医案》有“青龙白虎汤”，是用来“治时行风火喉痛，喉间红肿，鲜橄榄、鲜萝卜，水煎服。”
柿霜
性凉，味甘，有清热润燥利咽喉作用。《本草纲目》中说：“清上焦心肺热，生津止渴，治咽喉口舌疮痛。”《本草经疏》亦云：“柿霜，其功长于清肃上焦火邪。”咽喉肿痛之人，民间常用柿霜12~18克，温水化服，每日2次分服。
无花果
性平，味甘，能清肺、消肿痛、解热毒，咽喉肿痛者宜食之。《便民图纂》中就说它“治咽喉疾。”《本草纲目》也说：“治咽喉痛。”每次可吃鲜果2~3枚，或用鲜无花果煎水加冰糖服。
荸荠
性大凉，味甘，入肺胃经，对风热咽痛，或肺火胃热咽痛均宜。《泉州本草》中有载：“治咽喉肿痛：荸荠绞汁令服，每次四两。”
薄荷
性凉，味辛，善于疏散风热，对外感风热所致的咽喉肿痛，最为适宜。《药品化义》中说：“薄荷味辛能散，性凉而清，通利六阳之会首，祛除诸热之风邪。取其性锐而轻清，善行头面，用治失音，疗口齿，清咽喉。”所以，对风热之邪引起的急性喉炎、急性扁桃体炎、急性咽峡炎等咽喉肿痛，宜用薄荷煎水代茶饮。
胖大海
性凉，味甘淡，能清肺热、利咽喉，对风热喉痛或肺热咽痛，最为适宜。《慎德堂方》中介绍：治咽喉燥痛，因于外感者：“胖大海五枚，甘草一钱，炖茶饮服，老幼者可加入冰糖少许。”民间常单独用胖大海2~3枚，泡茶频饮。
阳桃
性寒，味甘酸，有清热、生津、解毒的作用，适宜外感风热和肺胃火旺所致的咽喉肿痛者食用。《本草纲目》中说：“阳桃主治风热，生津止渴。”《食物中药与便方》中介绍：“咽喉痛：生食阳桃，1日2~3次，每次1~2个。”
罗汉果
有清肺热、利咽喉的作用，对急性咽喉炎、扁桃体炎引起的咽喉肿痛者尤宜。民间习惯用罗汉果1个，切片，水煎，待冷后，频频饮服。
草莓
性凉，味甘多汁，具有清热生津、利咽润喉的功效，对急性扁桃体炎、咽喉炎，甚至扁桃体痛、喉癌引起的咽喉肿痛者，适宜多吃些草莓，能减轻症状，促进康复。
石榴
能生津利咽喉。《别录》中说它“主咽燥渴”。《滇南本草》认为石榴治“咽喉疼痛肿胀”。《食物中药与便方》中介绍：“乳蛾(扁桃体炎)，喉痛，口舌生疮(口腔炎)疼痛：鲜石榴果1~2个，取其肉(带肉的种子)捶碎，以开水浸泡过滤，凉冷后，一日含漱数次。”
萝卜
生萝卜性凉，味甘多汁液，有清化痰热和清热解毒的作用，适宜风热感冒咽喉疼痛和痰热壅喉而引起的咽喉肿痛，包括急性扁桃体炎、咽喉炎患者等。民间有用白萝卜汁2酒盅，甘蔗汁1酒杯，白糖水冲服，1日3次，治疗扁桃体炎。若用萝卜同适量青橄榄一同煎水代茶饮，亦颇适宜。
马兰头
性凉，能凉血、清热、解毒。《广西药植名录》说它能“清热解表，治外感风热”。《江西民间草药》中载：“治咽喉肿痛，马兰全草50~100克，水煎频服。”叶橘泉教授在《食物中药与便方》中曾介绍：“治急性咽喉炎，扁桃体炎，用鲜马兰头60~120克，水煎服。”
绿豆
性凉，味甘，清热泻火解暑，尤其适宜炎夏季节咽喉肿痛者煎煮成绿豆汤，吃豆喝汤，有很好的清火利咽作用。也宜食用绿豆芽，豆芽性寒，亦善清泻火热之邪，对急性扁桃体炎、咽喉炎、咽部充血疼痛者均宜。
金银花
民间常用金银花泡茶，当作夏季饮料服用，它性寒而味甘，是中医最常用的清热解毒之品。据现代研究，金银花又是一味天然的抗菌素，对多种病菌有治疗效果。所以，凡是急性咽炎、喉炎、扁桃体炎等引起的咽喉肿痛，均宜频饮金银花茶或金银花露。据《中级医刊》1965年第11期中介绍，用金银花15克，甘草3克，煎水代茶或含嗽，作为咽喉炎性疾病的辅助治疗，不但具有局部清洁作用，而且有抗感染的效能，可使炎症迅速得到控制，咽喉肿痛消退。
南沙参
适宜阴虚火旺、虚火上炎的慢性咽喉干痛者食用，它性味甘微苦，功在养阴、清肺、利咽。《本草纲目》称南沙参“清肺火”。《饮片新参》中说它“清肺养阴”。总的来说，南沙参对慢性阴伤口干喉痛之人，宜煎水代茶频饮。
鸭蛋
性凉，能清肺滋阴，故肺热咽痛者食之颇宜。正如《医林纂要》中所言：“鸭蛋补心清肺，治喉痛齿痛，百沸汤冲食，解阳明结热。”
苦瓜
性寒，味苦，能清热解毒。如《滇南本草》中说它“治丹火毒气，泻六经实火”。《生生编》中也认为苦瓜能“除邪热”。因此，对邪热火毒所致的咽喉肿痛之人，吃些青苦瓜，尤为适宜。
槐花
又叫槐米。性凉，味微苦，能清热、凉血、止血。《本草求原》说它“为凉血要药”。明·李时珍曾介绍：“炒香频嚼，治喉痹。”即为咽喉肿痛之症。频用槐花泡茶或煎水代茶饮用，也颇适宜。
此外，咽喉肿痛者还宜食用西瓜、香蕉、柿饼、苦瓜、丝瓜、瓠子、菊花脑、冬瓜、柿子、梨、枇杷、甘蔗、芹菜、苋菜、荠菜、蕹菜、茼蒿、菠菜、苤蓝、茄子、竹笋、菜瓜、海带、紫菜、黄瓜、地耳、草菇、豆腐、平菇、慈姑、莴苣、蕺菜、鸭子、蚌肉、螺蛳、百合、西洋参、麦冬等清淡性凉的食物。
橄榄
入肺胃经，有清肺、利咽、生津、解毒作用。《滇南本草》说它：“治一切喉火上炎”。《本草纲目》亦载：“治咽喉痛，咀嚼咽汁。”《王氏医案》有“青龙白虎汤”，是用来“治时行风火喉痛，喉间红肿，鲜橄榄、鲜萝卜，水煎服。”
柿霜
性凉，味甘，有清热润燥利咽喉作用。《本草纲目》中说：“清上焦心肺热，生津止渴，治咽喉口舌疮痛。”《本草经疏》亦云：“柿霜，其功长于清肃上焦火邪。”咽喉肿痛之人，民间常用柿霜12~18克，温水化服，每日2次分服。
无花果
性平，味甘，能清肺、消肿痛、解热毒，咽喉肿痛者宜食之。《便民图纂》中就说它“治咽喉疾。”《本草纲目》也说：“治咽喉痛。”每次可吃鲜果2~3枚，或用鲜无花果煎水加冰糖服。
荸荠
性大凉，味甘，入肺胃经，对风热咽痛，或肺火胃热咽痛均宜。《泉州本草》中有载：“治咽喉肿痛：荸荠绞汁令服，每次四两。”
薄荷
性凉，味辛，善于疏散风热，对外感风热所致的咽喉肿痛，最为适宜。《药品化义》中说：“薄荷味辛能散，性凉而清，通利六阳之会首，祛除诸热之风邪。取其性锐而轻清，善行头面，用治失音，疗口齿，清咽喉。”所以，对风热之邪引起的急性喉炎、急性扁桃体炎、急性咽峡炎等咽喉肿痛，宜用薄荷煎水代茶饮。
胖大海
性凉，味甘淡，能清肺热、利咽喉，对风热喉痛或肺热咽痛，最为适宜。《慎德堂方》中介绍：治咽喉燥痛，因于外感者：“胖大海五枚，甘草一钱，炖茶饮服，老幼者可加入冰糖少许。”民间常单独用胖大海2~3枚，泡茶频饮。
阳桃
性寒，味甘酸，有清热、生津、解毒的作用，适宜外感风热和肺胃火旺所致的咽喉肿痛者食用。《本草纲目》中说：“阳桃主治风热，生津止渴。”《食物中药与便方》中介绍：“咽喉痛：生食阳桃，1日2~3次，每次1~2个。”
罗汉果
有清肺热、利咽喉的作用，对急性咽喉炎、扁桃体炎引起的咽喉肿痛者尤宜。民间习惯用罗汉果1个，切片，水煎，待冷后，频频饮服。
草莓
性凉，味甘多汁，具有清热生津、利咽润喉的功效，对急性扁桃体炎、咽喉炎，甚至扁桃体痛、喉癌引起的咽喉肿痛者，适宜多吃些草莓，能减轻症状，促进康复。
石榴
能生津利咽喉。《别录》中说它“主咽燥渴”。《滇南本草》认为石榴治“咽喉疼痛肿胀”。《食物中药与便方》中介绍：“乳蛾(扁桃体炎)，喉痛，口舌生疮(口腔炎)疼痛：鲜石榴果1~2个，取其肉(带肉的种子)捶碎，以开水浸泡过滤，凉冷后，一日含漱数次。”
萝卜
生萝卜性凉，味甘多汁液，有清化痰热和清热解毒的作用，适宜风热感冒咽喉疼痛和痰热壅喉而引起的咽喉肿痛，包括急性扁桃体炎、咽喉炎患者等。民间有用白萝卜汁2酒盅，甘蔗汁1酒杯，白糖水冲服，1日3次，治疗扁桃体炎。若用萝卜同适量青橄榄一同煎水代茶饮，亦颇适宜。
马兰头
性凉，能凉血、清热、解毒。《广西药植名录》说它能“清热解表，治外感风热”。《江西民间草药》中载：“治咽喉肿痛，马兰全草50~100克，水煎频服。”叶橘泉教授在《食物中药与便方》中曾介绍：“治急性咽喉炎，扁桃体炎，用鲜马兰头60~120克，水煎服。”
绿豆
性凉，味甘，清热泻火解暑，尤其适宜炎夏季节咽喉肿痛者煎煮成绿豆汤，吃豆喝汤，有很好的清火利咽作用。也宜食用绿豆芽，豆芽性寒，亦善清泻火热之邪，对急性扁桃体炎、咽喉炎、咽部充血疼痛者均宜。
金银花
民间常用金银花泡茶，当作夏季饮料服用，它性寒而味甘，是中医最常用的清热解毒之品。据现代研究，金银花又是一味天然的抗菌素，对多种病菌有治疗效果。所以，凡是急性咽炎、喉炎、扁桃体炎等引起的咽喉肿痛，均宜频饮金银花茶或金银花露。据《中级医刊》1965年第11期中介绍，用金银花15克，甘草3克，煎水代茶或含嗽，作为咽喉炎性疾病的辅助治疗，不但具有局部清洁作用，而且有抗感染的效能，可使炎症迅速得到控制，咽喉肿痛消退。
南沙参
适宜阴虚火旺、虚火上炎的慢性咽喉干痛者食用，它性味甘微苦，功在养阴、清肺、利咽。《本草纲目》称南沙参“清肺火”。《饮片新参》中说它“清肺养阴”。总的来说，南沙参对慢性阴伤口干喉痛之人，宜煎水代茶频饮。
鸭蛋
性凉，能清肺滋阴，故肺热咽痛者食之颇宜。正如《医林纂要》中所言：“鸭蛋补心清肺，治喉痛齿痛，百沸汤冲食，解阳明结热。”
苦瓜
性寒，味苦，能清热解毒。如《滇南本草》中说它“治丹火毒气，泻六经实火”。《生生编》中也认为苦瓜能“除邪热”。因此，对邪热火毒所致的咽喉肿痛之人，吃些青苦瓜，尤为适宜。
槐花
又叫槐米。性凉，味微苦，能清热、凉血、止血。《本草求原》说它“为凉血要药”。明·李时珍曾介绍：“炒香频嚼，治喉痹。”即为咽喉肿痛之症。频用槐花泡茶或煎水代茶饮用，也颇适宜。
此外，咽喉肿痛者还宜食用西瓜、香蕉、柿饼、苦瓜、丝瓜、瓠子、菊花脑、冬瓜、柿子、梨、枇杷、甘蔗、芹菜、苋菜、荠菜、蕹菜、茼蒿、菠菜、苤蓝、茄子、竹笋、菜瓜、海带、紫菜、黄瓜、地耳、草菇、豆腐、平菇、慈姑、莴苣、蕺菜、鸭子、蚌肉、螺蛳、百合、西洋参、麦冬等清淡性凉的食物。
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